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College Geology > Lesson 11 > Flashcards

Lesson 11 Flashcards

1
Q

What forms in the brittle ice of glaciers?

A

crevasses

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2
Q

Shallow wetland that typically form after rainfall?

A

Playa lakes

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3
Q

What are two things about plate tectonics that could have caused glaciation?

A
  1. Continents arranged differently

2. Changes in oceanic circulation

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4
Q

What important mechanism of glacial movement consists of the whole ice mass moving along the ground?

A

Slipping along the ground

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5
Q

Ridge line come together to form a point ?

A

Horn

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6
Q

What glacial drift is relatively well-sorted sediment laid down by glacial meltwater?

A

stratified drift

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7
Q

How do Glacier form?

A

compaction and recrystallization of snow

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8
Q

What is associated with variations in earths orbit

A

Changes in climate over the past several hundred thousand years

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9
Q

What is the axis wobbling called?

A

Precession

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10
Q

What is the angle of earths axis called?

A

Obliquity

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11
Q

What do glaciers show about the flow?

A

shows the past and present flow

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12
Q

What does milankovitch’s theory say about earths orbit ?

A

The shape of earths orbit varies

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13
Q

A u shaped valley with steep, straight sides and a flat or rounded bottom.

A

Glacial trough

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14
Q

a valley which is cut across by a deeper valley or a cliff.

Stream drops straight down.

A

Hanging valley

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15
Q

What cycles are Glaciers a part of?

A

hydrologic cycle

rock cycle

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16
Q

Moraine formed between two valley glaciers that have joined?

A

medial moraine

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17
Q

How much of earths land are was covered during the ice age ?

A

30%

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18
Q

What is it called when below about 50 meters, pressure is great, causing ice to flow like a plastic material.

A

Plastic flow

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19
Q

What is the balance or lack of balance between accumulation at the upper end of the glacier, and loss at the lower end called?

A

glacial budget

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20
Q

Alluvial fans, playas, and playa lakes are features often associated with these landscapes.

A

Alluvial fans
Playas
Playa lakes

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21
Q

Glacier erosion by lifting pieces of bedrock out of place?

A

plucking

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22
Q

What zone is the area where a glacier forms with snow accumulation and ice formation?

A

Zone of accumulation

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23
Q

How many basic cycles in the Earth system are Glaciers a part of?

A

two

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24
Q

Many of the landscapes of the Basin and Range region of the ______ and ______ United States are the result of streams eroding uplifted mountain blocks and depositing the sediment in interior basins.

A

western and southern

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25
Q

Where is the zone of fracture located?

A

Uppermost 50 meters

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26
Q

What glacial drift is unsorted sediment deposited directly by the ice?

A

till

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27
Q

What type of abrasion erosion causes pulverized rock?

A

Rock flour

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28
Q

a long, narrow, deep inlet of the sea between high cliffs?

A

Fiord

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29
Q

What are the two movements of glacial ice?

A

Plastic flow

Slipping along the ground

30
Q

What is the effect of ice age glaciers? (Water)

A

Changes in sea level

31
Q

Where is wind erosion more significant?

A

dry areas

32
Q

What are the two distinct types of glacial drift?

A

till

stratified drift

33
Q

What is the shape of earths orbit called?

A

Eccentricity

34
Q

What are the two ways glaciers erode land?

A

plucking

abrasion

35
Q

What does milankovitch’s theory say about the earths axis?

A

the angle changes

The axis wobbles

36
Q

What type of glacier exists on a much larger scale, covering most of Greenland and Antarctica?

A

Ice sheets

37
Q

What is responsible for most of the erosional work in a desert?

A

Running water

38
Q

other glacial depositions

A

study pics may has

39
Q

a half-open steep-sided hollow at the head of a valley or on a mountainside

A

Cirque

40
Q

Where is ice brittle in a glacier?

A

Zone of fracture

41
Q

What is the effect of ice age glaciers? (Living things)

A

Plants and animals migrate

42
Q

What two things must a theory of glaciation causes include?

A

Cooling of earth

Short term climate changes

43
Q

What is any sediment of glacial origin called? .

A

drift

44
Q

What is a thick mass of ice that forms over land?

A

glacier

45
Q

What is the most widespread features created by glacial deposition?

A

Moraines

46
Q

Ridge line between 2 valleys

A

Arte

47
Q

What type of abrasion erosion causes grooves in the bedrock?

A

Striations

48
Q

Moraine which mark the former position of the front of a glacier?

A

end moraine

49
Q

What is the division of geological time called?

A

Pleistocene epoch

50
Q

What are the 2 types of main glaciers and 2 other ones?

A

Valley or Alpine
Ice sheets or Continental

Ice caps
Piedmont

51
Q

What is the main role of wind in a desert?

A

transportation and deposition of sediment

52
Q

Glacier erosion by grinding and scraping of a rock surface?

A

abrasion

53
Q

Moraines associated with valley glaciers and ice sheets?

A

end moraine

ground moraine

54
Q

A fan-shaped mass of alluvium deposited as the flow of a river decreases in velocity?

A

Alluvial fans

55
Q

Between the two glacial drifts, which is well sorted sediment and which is unsorted sediment?

A

well sorted: stratified drift

unsorted: till

56
Q

A dry, vegetation-free, flat area at the lowest part of an undrained desert basin?

A

Playas

57
Q

Moraine formed along the sides of the valley?

A

lateral moraine

58
Q

What is the effect of ice age glaciers? (Weather)

A

Climatic changes

59
Q

What are boulders embedded in till?

A

Glacial erratics

60
Q

What is the effect of ice age glaciers? (Earths layers)

A

Rebounding upward of the crust?

61
Q

Practically all desert streams are dry most of the time and are said to be _____.

A

ephemeral

62
Q

Moraines only associated with valley glaciers?

A

lateral moraines

medial moraines

63
Q

When did the ice age begin?

A

2-3 million years ago

64
Q

Layers or ridges of till created by glacial deposition?

A

Moraines

65
Q

What are the two types of abrasion erosion from a glacier?

A

Rock flour

Striations

66
Q

Name two of the proposed causes of glaciation?

A

Plate Tectonics

Variations in earths orbit

67
Q

What zone is the area where there is a net loss due to melting?

A

Zone of wastage

68
Q

What type of glacier is found in mountain areas ?

A

valley or alpine glaciers

69
Q

Moraine with an undulating layer of till deposited as the ice front retreats?

A

ground moraine

70
Q

What type of glacier usually follows valleys that were originally occupied by streams?

A

valley or alpine glaciers

College Geology (14 decks)

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