Lesson 1 - Classification Flashcards
Taxonomic groups
Seven groups ordered in hierarchy.
- Kingdom
- Phylum
- Class
- Order
- Family
- Genus
- Species
Carl Linnaeus
The first to propose a hierarchal system for classification.
Early 18th century Swedish botanist
What amendments have been made to the classification hierarchal system?
- Domain added
Placed at the top of the hierarchy.
What was the first comprehensive study of animals?
350 BC: Aristotle compiles his book ‘A history of animals’, the first comprehensive study of animals.
Who created a 4 volume encyclopaedia of the then-known animal world, consisting of 4500 pages?
1551 - Konrad Gesner (a Swiss botanist)
When was the 10th edition of Carl Linnaeus’ book published? Called? About?
- 1758
- Systema Naturae
- Considered the starting point of binomial nomenclature.
Who proposed protostista (third kingdom)?
- Ernest Harckel (German biologist and naturalist)
- 1866
When was the 5 kingdom system proposed and by who?
1969
Robert Whittaker
What were the initial 5 kingdoms?
- Prokaryotae
- Protoctista
- Fungi
- Plantae
- Animalia
Who proposed the 6 kingdom classification model?
1977
Carl Woese
What was Carl Woese’s proposal?
Sub-divide prokaryotes into archaebacteria and eubacteria
Why do scientists classify organisms?
- To identify species
- To predict characteristics
- To find evolutionary links
What are the 3 domains?
- Archaea
- Bacteria
- Eukarya
Species difinition?
A group of organisms that are able to reproduce to produce fertile offspring.
Why are products of two different species infertile?
- Contain an odd number of chromosomes.
Meiosis and gamete production cannot take place correctly as all chromosomes must pair up.
Common names?
Given names according to their physical characteristics or habitat.
Eg. ‘blackbird’
System used in classification?
Binomial nomenclature
Generic name
Genus
Specific name
Species
How should binomial nomenclature be written?
In italics and when handwritten underlined
All name except first letter of the genus should be lower case.
