Lesson 1 - Classification Flashcards

1
Q

Taxonomic groups

A

Seven groups ordered in hierarchy.
- Kingdom
- Phylum
- Class
- Order
- Family
- Genus
- Species

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2
Q

Carl Linnaeus

A

The first to propose a hierarchal system for classification.
Early 18th century Swedish botanist

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3
Q

What amendments have been made to the classification hierarchal system?

A
  • Domain added

Placed at the top of the hierarchy.

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4
Q

What was the first comprehensive study of animals?

A

350 BC: Aristotle compiles his book ‘A history of animals’, the first comprehensive study of animals.

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5
Q

Who created a 4 volume encyclopaedia of the then-known animal world, consisting of 4500 pages?

A

1551 - Konrad Gesner (a Swiss botanist)

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6
Q

When was the 10th edition of Carl Linnaeus’ book published? Called? About?

A
  • 1758
  • Systema Naturae
  • Considered the starting point of binomial nomenclature.
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7
Q

Who proposed protostista (third kingdom)?

A
  • Ernest Harckel (German biologist and naturalist)
  • 1866
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8
Q

When was the 5 kingdom system proposed and by who?

A

1969
Robert Whittaker

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9
Q

What were the initial 5 kingdoms?

A
  • Prokaryotae
  • Protoctista
  • Fungi
  • Plantae
  • Animalia
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10
Q

Who proposed the 6 kingdom classification model?

A

1977
Carl Woese

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11
Q

What was Carl Woese’s proposal?

A

Sub-divide prokaryotes into archaebacteria and eubacteria

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12
Q

Why do scientists classify organisms?

A
  • To identify species
  • To predict characteristics
  • To find evolutionary links
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13
Q

What are the 3 domains?

A
  • Archaea
  • Bacteria
  • Eukarya
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14
Q

Species difinition?

A

A group of organisms that are able to reproduce to produce fertile offspring.

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15
Q

Why are products of two different species infertile?

A
  • Contain an odd number of chromosomes.
    Meiosis and gamete production cannot take place correctly as all chromosomes must pair up.
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16
Q

Common names?

A

Given names according to their physical characteristics or habitat.
Eg. ‘blackbird’

17
Q

System used in classification?

A

Binomial nomenclature

18
Q

Generic name

A

Genus

19
Q

Specific name

A

Species

20
Q

How should binomial nomenclature be written?

A

In italics and when handwritten underlined

All name except first letter of the genus should be lower case.