LESSON 1 Flashcards
comes from the Greek word that means “to cut apart.” It deals with the structure of the body and its parts.
Anatomy
comes from the French word physiologie or directly from Latin physiologia meaning “natural science study of nature” or from Greek physiologia “natural science,
inquiry into nature.
Physiology
is a key component of the chemical reactions, a needed material for the
cells to breakdown food and release the energy in it
Oxygen
human body requires three basic classes of nutrients:
water, the energy- yielding and body-building nutrients, and the micronutrients.
Nutrients
4 Requirements for Maintenance of Life
Oxygen
Nutrients
Narrow Range of Temperature
Narrow Range of Atmospheric Pressure
body temperature must be maintained within the
range of 37.C (98.60F).
Narrow Range of Temperature
atmospheric pressure is pressure
exerted by the mixture of gases (primarily Nitrogen and Oxygen) in the Earth’s atmosphere.
Narrow Range of Atmospheric Pressure
the ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment
Homeostasis
refers to the chemical reaction that occurs in the body
Metabolism
is the standard position of the body in which the body is standing upright with arms at the sides and palms of the hands facing forward
Anatomical position
Anatomists use it to describe the relative locations of the different body structures.
directional terms
three types of planes or sections
Sagittal, Frontal and Transverse
is a cut made along a lengthwise, or longitudinal plane of the body, dividing the body into right and left parts.
Sagittal section
If the cut is made in equal left and right parts, It is called?
median section or midsagittal
is a cut made along a lengthwise plane that divides the body or an organ into anterior and posterior parts
Frontal section or Coronal section
is a cut made along horizontal plane, dividing the body or the organ into superior and inferior parts
Transverse section or cross section
This is divided into cranial cavity, the space inside the bony skull that protects the brain, and spinal cavity that extends from the cranial cavity to the vertebral column which protects the spinal cord.
Dorsal Body Cavity
This contains the structures within the chest and the abdomen. It is divided into thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity
Ventral Body Cavity
s enclosed by the ribs that somehow protects the lungs, the heart and other structures
Thoracic cavity
contains the stomach, liver, intestines and other organs
Abdominal cavity
on the inferior part contains the reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum
Pelvic cavity
the breaking down complex substances into its simple building units
Catabolism
the building up of complex molecules from their components.
Anabolism
