Leprosy Flashcards
Can M. Lepri be cultured?
No
What is the cardinal finding of Leprosy?
Skin rash with Anesthesia. It is 70-80% sensitive.
What other methods are used to diagnose Leprosy?
Skin slit on ears, elbows, knees, depth of paper cut without blood placing fluid on a slide
Nasal fluid
5 mm skin bx.
Sural N. Bx.
Is leprosy found in any other creatures?
The 9 band armadillo
What is the incubation period of Leprosy?
Up to 20 years.
What percentage of humans are susceptible to this organism?
3 to 5%
How is the organism transmitted?
Nasal Droplets- up to 40,000,000 orgs. per day Direct contact with open ulcers Breast Milk Blood Products Tatooing Thorns Soil Transplacental in Armadillos
How many days of RIfampin will eliminate transmission?
3 along with hand washing
What physical findings are associated with Leprosy?
Nasal Congestion Nose Bleeds Nasal Septal Perforation Loss of Eyebrows- Madurosis Uveitis Exposure Keratitis Erythema Nodosum Enlarged and thickened Peripheral Nerves Leonine Facies Fish Mouth Deformity Mega Ear Lobes Nasal Distortion
What are some diagnostic indices?
Bacillary Index- #of orgs/hpf- logarithmic scale Ridley-Joplin Staging for 5 mm punch bx Genetic markers via PCR: Folpi mutation- Dapsone resistant rpoB-Rifampin resistant gyrA mutation- Quinolone resistant
What are the clinical syndromes of Leprosy?
Indeterminate Tuberculoid Borderline Tuberculoid Borderline Borderline Lepromatous Lepromatous
What are the two classifications for the treatment of Leprosy?
Paucibacillary
Multibacillary
What syndromes of Leprosy are the paucibacillary type?
Intermediate
Tuberculoid
Borderline Tuberculoid
What syndrome of Leprosy are multibacillary?
Borderline
Borderline Lepromatous
Lepromatous
What is the treatment of paucibacillary Leprosy?
Rifampin and Dapsone for 12 months
