Leg Flashcards
Describe the proximal tibiofibular joint.
Plane joint.
synovial joint.
Only 10% of weight from femur travels through this joint.
Glides when ankle moves.
Joint capsule.
anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments.
Name the three compartments of the leg.
Lateral, posterior and anterior.
List the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg.
Dorsiflexor muscles. Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Fibularis Tertius
Describe the Tibialis Anterior.
Origin: Tibia - Superior/lateral, interossues membrane.
Insertion: Medial cuniform & base 1st metatarsal.
Action: Dorsiflexes ankle & inverts foot.
Nerve Supply: Deep Fibular nerve (L4, L5)
Describe the extensor digitorum longus.
Origin: Tibia - Lateral condyle, Fibula - superior medial surface.
Insertion: Middle & distal phalanges 2 - 5 digits.
Action: dorsiflexion ankle,extension toes.
Nerve Supply: Deep Fibular (L4, L5)
Describe the extensor hallucis longus.
Origin: Fibula - Anterior surface, interosseus membrane.
Insertion: Dorsal base of distal phalanx of hallux.
Action: dorsiflexors ankle, extends hallux.
Nerve Supply: Deep Fibular (L4, L5)
Describe Fibularis Tertius.
Origin: Fibula - inferior anterior, interosseus membrane.
Insertion: Dorsal Base 5th metatarsal.
Action: Dorsiflexes andkle, everts foot.
Nerve Supply:Deep fibular (L4, L5)
What two muscles are in the lateral compartment of the leg?
Fibularis Longus
Fibulariss Brevis.
Describe the Fibular Longus.
Origin: Upper lateral fibular.
Insertion: Base 5th metatarsal & medial cuniform.
Action: Foot eversion.
Nerve Supply: Superficial Fibular. (L5, S1, S2)
Describe the Fibularis Brevis.
Origin: Lateral fibular.
Insertion: Tuberosity on base of 5th metatarsal.
Action: Foot eversion.
Nerve Supply: Superficial Fibular. (L5, S1, S2)
List the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg.
Superficial: Gastrocnemius Soleus Plantaris Deep: Popliteus Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus. Tibialis Posterior.
Describe the Gastrocnemius.
Origin: Lateral Head: lateral condyle of femur.
Medial head: Superior to medial condyle of femur.
Insertion: Calcaeus via calcaneal tendon.
Action: Ankle plantarflexion, knee flexion.
Nerve Supply: Tibial (S1, S2)
Describe the Soleus.
Origin: Tibia - Upper posterior/medial surface
Fibula - posterior, superior 1/4
Insertion: Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon.
Action: Ankle plantarflexion.
Nerve Supply: Tibial (S1, S2)
Describe the Plantaris.
Origin: Inferior end of supracondylar line of femur, oblique popliteal.
Insertion: Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon.
Action: Plantarflexion, knee flexion.
Nerve Supply: Tibial (S1, S2)
Describe the popliteus.
Origin: Lateral condyle femur &lateral meniscus.
Insertion: Posterior proximal tibia.
Action: Knee flexion, medial rotation of tibia.
Nerve Supply: Tibil (L4 - S1)
Describe tibialis posterior.
Origin: Interosseus membrane, posterior tibia and fibula.
Insertion: Tuberosity of navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid bases metatarsels 2-4.
Action:
Nerve Supply: Tibial (L4, L5)
Describe Flexor hallucix longus.
Origin: Inferior posterior fibula, inferior interosseus membrane.
Insertion: Base distal phalanx hallux.
Action: Flexes hallux, weak plantar fexion , arch support.
Nerve Supply: Tibial (S2, S3)
Describe flexor digitorum longus.
Origin: Medial posterior tibia inferior to soleal line.
Insertion: Base distal phalanges lateral 4 toes.
Action: Flex lateral 4 toes, plantarflexion (arch support)
Nerve Supply: Tibial (S2, S3)
Describe the tibial nerve.
Motor:
Posterior compartment
Medial branch of sciatic, descends through popiteal fossa, enters posterior compartment deep to gastrocnemius.
Sensory:
Skin over anterior leg, dorsal & lateral surface of foot.
Describe the common fibular nerve.
Motor:
Biceps femoris short head.
From popliteal fossa, winds forwad around head of fibula and divides.
Sensory:
Skin over anterior leg, dorsal and lateral surface of foot.
Describe the Deep fibular nerve.
Motor:
Anterior compartment.
Describe the superficial fibular nerve.
Lateral compartment.
