Lefture 1

Question 1

Wundt and structuralism

Answer 1

-earliest school of thought
-isolates and analyzes the mind basic elements

Question 2

James and functionalism

Answer 2

Emphasized adaptive significance of mental processes
-influences by Darwin and theory of evolution

Question 3

Watson and behaviorism

Answer 3

Restricts scientific inquiry to observable behavior
-behavior is learned through experiences
—operant conditioning
—classical conditioning

Question 4

The cognitive revolution

Answer 4

Begin in 1950s
-interdisciplinary study of the mind and its processes
—the min became the new focus of scientific inquiry
—the emergence of cognitive science

Question 5

Noam Chomsky

Answer 5

Criticized dominance of behaviorist approach
—thought psychology needed to incorporate mental functioning to understand human behavior

Question 6

Donald broadbent

Answer 6

Information processing approach
-Mental abilities can be seen as sequential processing stages

Question 7

Development of research techniques

Answer 7

Reaction times, forgetting rates, etc

Question 8

Development of the computer

Answer 8

Hardware and software

Question 9

New trend: big data

Answer 9

-replication crisis
-large behavioral databases
—generated by people interacting with their technology

Question 10

The 4 themes of cognitive processes

Answer 10

1. They are active (rather than passive)
2. They are remarkably efficient and accurate
3. Interrelated (they do not operate in isolation)
4. Many rely on bottom-up and top-down processing