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Anatomy/Physiology > Left Lower Quadrant > Flashcards

Left Lower Quadrant Flashcards

1
Q

The ___________ is when there is a pool of blood w/in the person’s abdominal wall, which could be caused by the rupturing of the ___________, and tearing of the rectus abdominis, external oblique and internal oblique muscles.

A

intra-abdominal wall abscess; epigastric vessels

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2
Q

____________ is a disease caused by accumulation of fluids (pus) b/w diaphragm, liver and the spleen from an infection.

A

Subphrenic abscess

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3
Q

Pericolic abscess can occur…

A

in the stomach and rarely in esophagus.

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4
Q

____________occurs from kidney disease; secondary _________ (same word), something cut/broke through; easily repaired.

A

Peritonitis

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5
Q

The lack of circulation in the heart…there is a blockage in the artery causes _______.

A

Angina.

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6
Q

The infection of the pleura and the buildup of pus in the pleural space is ___________.

A

empyema

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7
Q

How many stages does pneumonia and hiatal hernia have?

A

4 stages

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8
Q

When the upper part of the stomach pushes through the diaphragm into the chest, this is __________.

A

Hiatal hernia

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9
Q

Ruptured spleen is the result of…

A

a ruptured abdominal bleeding.

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10
Q

_________________ is a blockage of a blood vessel due to a medical condition known as vaso occlusion.

A

Acute splenic sequestration

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11
Q

______________ is a blockage in the blood vessels going into the spleen (spleen can be dying).

A

Splenic infarction

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12
Q

____________ is caused by dilation, stretching and spasm due to acute urination obstruction; usually caused by kidney cells.

A

Renal colic

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13
Q

__________ is the collection of pus in the iliopsoas muscle, usually diagnosed post mortem.
__________ (~30% of cases), generally caused by diffusion of bacteria via blood vessels like ________.
_________ caused by metastatic cancer, usually _____________.

A

Psoas abscess (PA); Primary PA; Staph aureus; Secondary PA; cervical cancer

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14
Q

________________ is the accumulation of blood behind the peritoneal w/in the iliopsoas muscles; person is usually on anticoagulants, or ppl are hemophiliac (defect in Facto 8 (____________) or 9 (_______)…w/out these factors, your blood won’t clot.

A

Retroperitoneal hemorrhage; hemophilia A; hemophilia B

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15
Q

____________ is when a loop of your intestines start poking out of the weak area of your abdominal wall, color change indicate necrosis and cuts off blood flow.

A

Incarcerated hernia

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16
Q

__________ is the cutting off blood supply to your tissues.

A

Strangulation

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17
Q

____________ is the inflammation of the colon, generally viral (________ or __________) or bacterial (________ or ________) infection from food. This E. coli releases shigella toxin that gives it a plasmid to cause dysentery.

A

Infectious colitis; rhinoviruses; noroviruses; dysenteria; E. coli 0157

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18
Q

___________ includes ischemic colitis, caused by _________________.

A

Ischemic bowel disease; mesenteric venous/arterial thrombosis

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19
Q

Mesenteric venous thrombosis is…

A

the clotting in the artery.

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20
Q

_____________ is when blood flow is cut off to the omentum, gastro-omental veins and when the gastroepiploic vein get clogged.
Primary version is _________-, secondary is usually caused by ________.

A

Omental infarction; idiopathic; cancer

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21
Q

Part of the peritoneum, highly vascularized, a lot of fat and tissue, has lesser and greater parts, connective tissue that protects your lower digestive tract. This is the __________.

A

omentum

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22
Q

The _____________ is connected to the lower smaller curvature of the stomach.

A

lesser omentum

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23
Q

The _____________ is connected to the greater curvature of the stomach.

A

greater omentum

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24
Q

___________ is a painful urination, and pain in the groin area.

A

Dysuria

25
Q

___________ is when the blood is in the urine.

A

Hematuria

26
Q

Dyspareunia is…

A

painful ejaculation.

27
Q

___________ is the inflammation of the prostate, our bladder starts getting pushed on, companied by dysuria and fever, bacterial infection. Symptoms are urinary urgency, __________, ___________.

A

Prostatitis; hematuria; dyspareunia

28
Q

__________ are non cancerous tumor in the uterus. Have more of a growth, typically benign, have some smooth muscle cells and connective tissue fibers, fibroblast cells within the fibroids. They are also called __________, found in smooth muscle layers of the cervix. Generally won’t turn cancerous but can grow to be large in size.

A

Cervical fibroids; leiomyomas

29
Q

Leiomyomas are also called…

A

cervical fibroids.

30
Q

____________- is when a fetus that will not survive, defined as pregnancy when fertilized egg implants and grows outside of the uterus, lack _________ for nutrients to the egg. Fetus till probably die due to malnutrition.

A

Ectopic pregnancy; endometrium

31
Q

____________ is when the fetus implants itself in the fallopian tube; may arise if fallopian tube has preexisting damage where the fetus gets caught; called ________ stage when this happens here.

A

Tubal pregnancy; blastocyst

32
Q

_________ is a ball of cells that forms early in pregnancy (what implants itself and is called _______).
_________ means a haploid egg, polar bodies, then becomes zygote, b/w 16-32 cell stage is called morula, 60-300 cell stage is called _______.

A

Blastocyst; placenta; Oocyst; blastocyst

33
Q

________________ occurs right in b/w the fallopian tube and uterus called the __________ or _______. This is able to cause harm to the mother, rare but highly dangerous, can cause __________.

A

Interstitial ectopic pregnancy; interstitial; cornual; uterine rupture

34
Q

When a __________ occurs, massive, uncontrollable bleeding in the mother. Mother is at risk for bleeding out.

A

uterine rupture

35
Q

__________ is when a women had a previous baby via C-section, _________ implants itself in that scar and reaches the smooth muscle layer when it should be in the _____________.

A

Caesarean; blastocyst; endometrial layer

36
Q

____________ tissues produces the placenta.

A

Trophoblastic

37
Q

__________________ is when the fetus finds its way into the abdominal cavity rather than the uterus.

A

Abdominal cavity ectopic pregnancy

38
Q

Malignancy of the gynecological tract is…

A

cervical cancer.

39
Q

______________________ is a chronic condition, usually develops during pregnancy and continues after given birth. Women will feel pain as the day goes on, worst at night, best in the morning. Occurs when the ______________ or pampiniform plexus or veins turn into __________ (blood is back flowed w/in the veins b/c of a busted valve).

A

Pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS); ovarian veins; varicose veins

40
Q

The smooth muscle cells: __________, intramural, _________, and subserosal is where the _________ is found.

A

Submucosal; pedunculated; uterine fibroid

41
Q

_________ are smooth muscle cells growing inside the submucosa.

A

Submucosal fibroids

42
Q

Intramural fibroids are found…

A

w/in the smooth muscle wall.

43
Q

_____________ are the outer lining of the basement membrane of the uterus.
Cure?

A

Subserosal fibroid; Only cure is to be surgically removed.

44
Q

Pedunculated fibroids look…

A

like mushrooms.

45
Q

_____________ is the inflammation of the aorta; includes large vessel (_____________).

A

Aortitis; vasculitides

46
Q

____________ is the inflammation of large blood vessels, white blood cells cause damage to your blood vessel, causing blockage & ______.

A

Large vessel vasculitides; ischemia

47
Q

_________ indicates blood supply to downstream tissue.

A

Ischemia

48
Q

________ is the total blockage of blood supply to downstream tissue.

A

Necrosis

49
Q

______________ is the epithelial lining of inflamed arteries.

A

Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

50
Q

_____________ is a rare systemic inflammatory disease. Cause is idiopathic. Effects mostly _____________ women, very few men get it. Women will develop ___________ or granulomas.

A

Takayasu arteritis; childbearing aged; granulomatous tissue

51
Q

___________ is when your body kinds of gives up looking for the bacterial fibroblasts come in and form capsule around a general area and send _________ to act as a specialized macrophage that eats all of the tissue. Occurring in the arteries.

A

Granulomas; histocytes

52
Q

_________ are a type of macrophage. You see granuloma, think _______ (same word).

A

Histocytes

53
Q

Type _ (granulomas) is only in the branches of the aortic arch.

A

I

54
Q

Type __ (granulomas) is in the ascending aorta, aortic arch, and the branches.

A

IIa

55
Q

Type __ (granulomas) is in the ascending aorta, thoracic descending aorta, aortic arch and branches.

A

IIb

56
Q

Type ___ & __ (granulomas) is in the abdominal aorta renal arteries

A

III; IV

57
Q

Type V (granulomas) inlcudes…

A

all types.

58
Q

What are the types of collagen that osteoblasts produce?

A

Collagen type I, III, V, IX, XII, XIV, XIX, XX, XXI
(1, 3, 5, 9, 12, 14, 19, 20, 21)

Anatomy/Physiology (13 decks)

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