Lectures: GP Flashcards
What is the dose of adrenaline given as soon as anaphylaxis is recognised?
adrenaline 0.5mg IM
What dose of adrenaline is given in cardiac arrest?
IV adrenaline 1mg
Definition of anaphylaxis
Severe life threatening systemic hypersensitivity reaction that can affect people of all ages.
Involving 1 or both
- respiratory difficulty
- hypotension (fainting, collapse, LOC)
What type of hypersensitivity reaction is anaphylaxis?
Type 1
Type 1 = IgE mediated, anaphylaxis
Type 2 = IgG or IgM, hours to days, haemolytic anaemia
Type 3 = Immune complex, SLE
Type 4 = T cell medicated, rash, SJS
ANAPHYLAXIS
What forms part of the ongoing management plan once the patient is stable?
- admit and observe (6-12 hrs)
- biphasic reactions can occur iN up to 20%
- mast cell tryptase at baseline and 2 hrs later
- Follow up in allergy clinic
How many epi-pens are patients given at discharge?
2 ! can give second dose if they feel like they are not improving
The appearance of a retracted membrane on otoscopy indicated what:
Eustachian tube dysfunction
Key features associated with anterior uveitis?
- abnormal shaped pupil (posterior synechiae)
- hypopyon
- ciliary flush
The uveal tract is made up of what three key parts?
- Iris
- Ciliary body
- Choroid (covers eye like a coat)
Inflammation of all layers of uvea is what type of uveitis?
Pan-uveitis
Hospital management of anterior uveitis?
1. Corticosteroids
- reduce inflammation
- prevent adhesions in eye
2. Cycloplegic-mydriatic drugs
- given to paralyse ciliary body
- relieves pain and prevents adhesions between iris and lens
What is the name given to these adhesions between the iris and lens that distort the pupil?
SYNECHAE
Treatment for corneal abrasion?
- Remove foreign body
-
Chloramphenicol
- to prevent infection
- prevent corneal ulcer development
- eye patch - Usually heals within 2-3 days
Symptoms of hyperthyroidism
- weight loss
- intolerance heat
- palpitations / anxiety
- skin , hair, bowel changes
- neck swelling
What is Tamsulosin?
- blocker of alpha 1a and alpha 1d adrenoreceptors
- blockage of these receptors allows smooth muscle in prostate to relax
- urinary flow improved
