Lecture7- Intergroup Relations

Question 1

What is a group?

Answer 1

3-12 individuals that are interdependent and are seen as a unit

Question 2

what is the difference between ingroup and outgroup?

Answer 2

Ingroup- groups we belong too
Outgroup- groups we don’t belong too

Question 3

What is a stereotype?

Answer 3

Widley shared belief about characteristics of a group and its members

Question 4

Define Prejudice

Answer 4

a negative, affective pre-judgement about a group and its members

Question 5

Define discrimination

Answer 5

negative treatment of an individual due to their group membership

Question 6

Describe Robbers cave study (1954/1961)

Answer 6

explored intergroup dynamics
1) phase1- group attachment- activities with group
2) phase 2- intergroup competition- competition between 2 groups
3) phase 3- intergroup reconciliation- 2 groups work together

Question 7

Explain the Realistic Conflict theory?

Answer 7

Sherif, 1966
1) Intergroup conflict arises from need to secure scarce resources
2) Zero-sum situation (limited land, jobs, food)

Question 8

What does the Realistic Conflict Theory think about groups?

Answer 8

groups ate collectivists working to achieve common goal
strive for high amount of resources

Question 9

What does the Realistic Conflict theory state about prejudice?

Answer 9

prejudice stems from competition over finite resources

Question 10

Outline the Social Identity Theory

Answer 10

Tajfel & Turner (1979)
1) social identity= part of individuals self- concept that comes from membership of social group, with the value and emotional significance attached to that membership

2) Self categorization= makes ppl see themselves as part of the ingroup and evaluate themselves against the prototype and evaluate others too

Question 11

When does social identification lead to discrimination?

Answer 11

1) Status position of in & out group
2) Legitimacy of status position
3) Group boundaries

Question 12

How to improve intergroup relations?

Answer 12

1) Intergroup contact
2) Counter stereotypical exemplars
3) Value based approaches
4) collectivist action
5) collection restitution

Question 13

Outline the Contact theory?

Answer 13

Allport(1954)
Bringing groups together improves relations but there are four conditions
1) Equality of status
2) Common gaols
3) Intergroup cooperation
4) Support authorities, law

Question 14

Give me an example of Counter stereotypical exemplars

Answer 14

stereotyping of black people reduced after Obamas election
black performance on academic tests showed an increase after Obama’s election

Question 15

Outline Values-based approaches on how to decrease Intergroup conflict

Answer 15

1) Changes in societal values
2) end of legally enforced racial segregation and discrimination
3) encourages support from outgroups

Question 16

How does collective action reduce intergroup conflict?

Answer 16

1) Coordinated actions of disadvantages group members to change intergroup relations
e.g. protests, charity

Question 17

How does collective apology and restitution improve relation between intergroup?

Answer 17

1) collective moral responsibility
2) accept responsibility, show remorse, admit injustice and offer reparations