Lecture 9- Altruism and Justice Flashcards
What is prosocial behaviour?
1) benefits for someone else
2) action positively valued by society
What is antisocial behaviour?
1) harms others
2) action not valued by society
What is helping behaviour?
an action performed to benefit a person without the explicit intention benefiting self
casual, emergency, substantial personal, emotional
What is Altruism?
An action that is performed to benefit a person without benefiting self
may be detrimental to the helper
Define bystander intervention
the act of helping a person in danger or distress by people who are not its cause
Why might bystanders not intervene?
Pluralistic Ignorance
Diffusion of Responsibility
what is Pluralistic Ignorance?
ppl wrongly assume based on others actions, they endorse a particular norm
What does Diffusion of Responsibility mean?
perceiving that someone else will intervene to help in the situation
What is a social Dilemma?
a situation in which the interests of the individua are at odds with he interests of the group
What are the 2 outcomes of a social dilemma?
Cooperate- sacrifice the individual interests for the group
Defect- pursue the individual interests at the expense of the group
What is the prisoners dilemma?
prisoners choose between confessing or not, risking heavy or light sentence for them and the partner
What factors facilitate cooperation?
1) increasing the value that people put on common interest vs individual interest
2) fostering strong identification with the group
3) communicate effectively to establish principles and rules
4) reward co-operators and punish defectors
What mechanisms underline prosocial behaviour?
1) Evolutionary Pressures
2) Mood
3) Empathetic consideration
4) Concerns of justice
Outline the Kin Selection theory
acting differently towards members of the same species depending on their degree of genetic relatedness to the self
What is reciprocal altruism?
acting to help others with the assumption they would help you in return if needed
What is empathy?
is the ability to take the perspective of others
What empathetic concern?
An emotional reaction to the suffering of others which result from taking their perspective
What is Distributive justice?
concerns with the apportionment of privileges, duties, and good in consonance with the merits of the individual and best interest of society
What procedural justice?
concerns with fairness of the procedures that resolve disputes and allocate resources
What are the 3 principles Distributive Justice?
1) Equity- outcomes should be proportional to merit and contributions
2) Equality- resources distributed equally
3) Need- focus should be on what people need to survive and thrive
