Lecture 6- The Social Perceiver

Question 1

What Brunswick’s Lens model propose?

Answer 1

1) there is an underlying contract
2) Observer judgment that can be formed from visual cues which form our impressions

Question 2

Name a cue that allows us to form an impression of another?

Answer 2

1) Physical appearance
Lorenzo et al (2010)
2) Halo effect- those who are considered more attractive are associated with have other good attributes

Question 3

Name one other cue that allows us to form impressions of another

Answer 3

Social roles
1) select roles based on personalities and interests
2) these roles influence our behaviour
3) affects ppl’s perception of us

Question 4

How do we integrate cues?

Answer 4

Solomon Asch (1946)
Configural model of person perception
Morality (update impressions)

Question 5

Describe the Configural model person perception

Answer 5

1) we seek to understand the complete person
2) once two or more traits are known, they cease to be seen as isolated= dynamic whole
3) Central trait have the strongest influence on overall impression
4) peripheral traits don’t indicate much about individual

Question 6

What are stereotypes?

Answer 6

simplified but widely shared beliefs about characteristic of a group and its members

Question 7

Why do individuals stereotype?

Answer 7

1) Humans are cognitive misers- rely on mental short cuts
2) they help us make sense of different groups
3) personal need for stricture
4) Authoritarianisms

Question 8

What are the impacts of stereotypes?

Answer 8

1) incorrect
2) stigmatization of group members
3) cause denial of resources
4) self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 9

Describe Heider’s attribution theory (1958)?

Answer 9

1) causal explanation for other’s behaviour
2) most often when faced unpleasant or unexpected events
3) Help us predict and control the environment
4) ppl explain observable behaviour with unobservable causes
5) ppl look for locus of the cause of action

Question 10

What are the two types of locus for the cause of action?

Answer 10

internal- something about the person
external- something about the situation

Question 11

Describe Kelley’s Covariation theory (1967)

Answer 11

Attributing events to conditions that tend to be present when event happens and and that are absent when it does not

1) Distinctiveness- does action occur only with that entity and not others
2) Consistency- does action occur each time entity is present
3) Consensus- does action also occur in other individuals

Question 12

What is actor- observer bias (Malle, 2006)?

Answer 12

1) Actors attribute own behaviours to situations and observers to attribute behaviours to personality traits