Lecture 10- Close Relationships

Question 1

What is the impact of loneliness?

Answer 1

1) increase risk of death by 26%
2) bad for your health (15 cigs a day)
3) associated with increase risk if heart disease and stroke
4) Associated with depression
5) greater risk of cognitive decline and dementia

Question 2

What attracts us to other people?

Answer 2

1) Physical
2) Psychological- emotions, mutual link

Question 3

What are the effects of physical attraction?

Answer 3

1) babies prefer attractive faces
2) adults think attractive children are smarter
3) attractive ppl are happier in life and relationships and would have better careers

Question 4

What is the averageness affect?

Answer 4

ppl prefer average or prototypical faces to faces that have distinctive features

Question 5

how are prototypically faces created?

Answer 5

we see lots of faces and those faces are used to create our imagine of prototypical face

Question 6

What is the matching phenomenon?

Answer 6

the tendency for individuals to choose as partners people who are similar match to themselves in terms of physical attractiveness

Question 7

What is the proximity effect?

Answer 7

being or living close to others can facilitate attraction and relationship formation

Question 8

What is the need to affiliate?

Answer 8

the motive to seek and maintain relationships with others

Question 9

How does similarity affect attractiveness?

Answer 9

they are more attractive when they is more similarity, for example, attitudes, values, and interests

Question 10

Name the Psychological theories of attraction

Answer 10

Social Exchange Theory
Equity theory
Reinforcement and rewards

Question 11

Outline the Social Exchange theory

Answer 11

How we feel about the relationship depends on our perceptions of:

1) rewards gained from relationship
2) Costs we incur from relationship
3) if this is the relationship we deserve or if we could be in a better one

Question 12

Outline the Equity theory

Answer 12

people are happiest in equal relationships, ppl are not just looking out for rewards an costs, they are concerned with fairness and equity

Question 13

Outline the Reinforcement and Rewards theory

Answer 13

1) we like ppl who are present when something good happens to us (reinforcement affect model)

Question 14

What are the 2 types of love?

Answer 14

1) Passionate
2) Companionate

Question 15

Describe Passionate love

Answer 15

Love characterised by intense emotional and physical feelings for another

Question 16

Describe companionate love

Answer 16

love characterised by a deep caring and affection for another person

Question 17

What secure attachment?

Answer 17

distinguished by trust, less concern about being left alone and a secure feeling of being worthy and liked

Question 18

What is Avoidant attachment?

Answer 18

distinguished by low trusts and avoidance of relationships

Question 19

What Anxious/ Ambivalent attachment?

Answer 19

distinguished by anxiety and concern that feeling are not reciprocated

Question 20

How does secure attachment impact future relationships?

Answer 20

1) commitment and trust
2) helps ppl get through difficult times of separation or conflict to maintain relationship
3) more satisfying and long lasting retionships

Question 21

How does avoidant attachment impact future relationships?

Answer 21

1) avoid close relationships or become involved in unhappy ones
2) less likely to be invested, leave relationship
3) engage in one night stands

Question 22

How does Anxious/ Ambivalent attachment impact future relationships?

Answer 22

1) possessiveness, jealousy and a lack of trusts
2) conflict ridden
3) individual has negative view of themselves but positive perception of the other person