Lecture Flashcards
AEIOU TIPS
- acidosis
- epilepsy
- insulence
- over-dose
- uremia
- trauma
- infection
- poisoning or psych
- stroke
What vital signs might you see if someone is septic?
Hypotensive (low blood pressure) & widening pulse pressure
What are the signs and symptoms of a transient ischemic attack (TIA)?
short term memory loss, repetitive questioning, loss of focus
- return to normal within 24 hours
- precursors to CVA’s
CVA
Cerebral vascular attach
What are the two types of strokes?
Ischemic & hemorrhagic
If doctor can’t use TPA in patient, what type of stroke is it?
hemorrhagic
Stroke scale
Level of consciousness, arm drift, hemiparesis, gaze, facial drooping
How do you assess consciousness to determine whether someone is having a stroke
questions
How do you assess arm drift?
have them move the arm, palm up, with their eyes closed and see if it drifts
Hemiparesis
weakness of one entire side of the body - pay attention to which side of the body it is
Signs and symptoms of a stroke
- acute onset
- dizziness, confusion, unresponsiveness
- headache
- vision distrubances
- numbness, tingling
- speech distrubances
- nausea/vomiting
- inability to swallow
- drooling
Emergency treatment for stroke
Initial assessment MANAGE THE AIRWAY!! Suction if needed Be calm, talk to patient~ Watch what you say Oxygen Position
Grand mal seizure - ADD
Also called a generalized seizure
- chaotic random firing of the electrical impulses of the brain
Febrile seizure
Most common in children, usually one-time event, history of cold, flu, or fever
Emergency treatment for febrile seizure - FIX
- BSI
- Initial assessment
How many people does it take to restrain someone?
5
Can you keep handcuffs on someone in an ambulance?
No - must use soft restraints unless it’s a suspected criminal. Make sure to keep them face up
Who can issue a 24 hour mental health hold?
Police, doctors, mental health workers
Whats a normal blood pressure for a kid?
-
How fast can ambulances go?
in CO, must travel with “due regard”
Epistaxis definition & treatment
Bloody nose - pinch the nose and have them lean forward
How many liters of fluid can be in the stomach before it looks distended?
3 liters
Rigid and distended stomach means what?
Internal bleeding
Red tinged coffee ground vomit or black tarry stools indicate what?
GI internal bleeding
Stages of hemorrhagic shock
compensatory, decompensatory, irreversible
Types of shock
- psychogenic
- anaphylatic
- neurogenic
- septic
- cardiogenic
- hypovolemic
what’s a quick way to gain IV access if other spots are hard (ie if significant burns)
IO
Difference between laceration & evulsion
evulsion = flap
What is the best splint for multiple systems trauma?
Backboard - best full body splint
Triage levels
black: already dead or cannot be saved
red: could die within a short period of time if left untreated
yellow: not huge risk now
green: walking wounded, not immediate life threat
Reverse triage
for lightening strike - do the reverse. Start on the “dead” ones first - do CPR
Whats the difference b/w a brown recluse bite and a black widow bite?
- Brown recluse: no pain, will start to get a blister
- Black widows: very immediate painful bite - can cause respiratory distress
Have a pt with high altitude sickness - can bring down on horseback or bring down on helicopter. Which one do you do?
helicopter
OB: what does para mean?
of live births
OB: what dies gravida mean?
of pregnancies
