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EMS Accelerated 2020 (Book Flashcards) > Chapter 11: Principles of Pharmacology > Flashcards

Chapter 11: Principles of Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

The process by which medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream

A

absorption

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2
Q

The therapeutic effect of a medication on the body

A

action

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3
Q

An oral medication that binds and adsorbs ingested toxins in the gastrointestinal tract for treatment of some poisonings and medication overdoses. it is ground into a very fine powder that provides the greatest possible surface area for binding medications that have been taken by mouth; it is carried on the EMS unit.

A

activated charcoal

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4
Q

the process of binding or sticking to a surface

A

absorption

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5
Q

a medication that causes stimulation of receptors

A

agonist

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6
Q

A medication that binds to a receptor and blocks other medications

A

antagonist

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7
Q

A medication that is an antipyretic (reduces fever), analgesic (reduces pain), anti-inflammatory (reduces inflammation), and potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation (clumping)

A

aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid or ASA)

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8
Q

Conditions that make a particular medication or treatment inappropriate, for example, a condition in which a medication should not be given because it would not help or may actually harm a patient

A

contraindications

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9
Q

The amount of medication given on a daily basis of the patient’s size and age

A

dose

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10
Q

When the EMT directly administers the medication to the patient

A

EMT-administered medication

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11
Q

Medications that enter the body through the digestive system

A

enteral medications

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12
Q

A medication that increases heart rate and blood pressure but also eases breathing problems by decreasing muscle tone of the bronchiole tree; you may be allowed to help the patient self-administer the medication

A

epinephrine

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13
Q

A semiliquid substance that is admistered orally in capsule form or through plastic tubes

A

gel

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14
Q

The original chemical name of a medication (in contrast with one of its “trade names”); the name is not capitalized

A

generic name

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15
Q

An abnormally low blood glucose level

A

hypoglycemia

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16
Q

The therapeutic uses for a specific medication

A

indications

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17
Q

Breathing into the lungs; a medication delivery route

A

inhalation

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18
Q

The effect that a medication is expected to have on the body

A

intended effect

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19
Q

An injection into a muscle; a medication delivery route

A

intramuscular (IM) injection

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20
Q

A delivery route in which a medication is pushed through a specialized atomizer device called a mucosal atomizer device (MAD) into the nare

A

intranasal (IN)

21
Q

Into the bone; a medication delivery route

A

intraosseous (IO)

22
Q

An injection directly into a vein; a medication delivery route

A

intravenous (IV) injection

23
Q

A chemical substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain

A

medication

24
Q

A miniature spray canister through which droplets or particles of medication may be inhaled

A

metered-dose inhaler (MDI)

25
Q

A device that is used to change a liquid medication into a spray and pushes it into a nostril

A

mucosal atomizer device (MAD)

26
Q

A medication that increases cardiac perfusion by causing arteries to dilate; you may be allowed to help the patient self-administer the medication

A

nitroglycerin

27
Q

by mouth; a medication delivery route

A

oral

28
Q

a simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the bloodstream; it is carried on the EMS unit

A

oral glucose

29
Q

Medications that may be purchased directly by a patient without a prescription

A

over-the-counter (OTC) medications

30
Q

A gas that all cells need for metabolism; the heart and brain, especially, cannot function without it

A

oxygen

31
Q

Medications that enter the body by a route other than the digestive tract, skin, or mucous membranes

A

parenteral medications

32
Q

When the EMT assists the patient with the administration of his or her own medication

A

patient-assisted medication

33
Q

When the EMT administers medication to him or herself or to a partner

A

peer-assisted medication

34
Q

Through the mouth; a medication delivery route; same as oral

A

per os (PO)

35
Q

Through the rectum; a medication delivery route

A

per rectum (PR)

36
Q

the process by which a medication works on the body

A

pharmacodynamics

37
Q

The study of the properties and effects of medications

A

pharmacology

38
Q

The use of multiple medications on a regular basis

A

polypharmacy

39
Q

Medications that are distributed to patients only by pharmacists according to a physician’s order

A

prescription medications

40
Q

Any effects of a medication other than the desired ones

A

side effects

41
Q

A liquid mixture that cannot be separated by filtering or allowing the mixture to stand

A

solution

42
Q

Injection into the tissue between the skin and muscle; a medication delivery route

A

subcutaneous (SC) injection

43
Q

Under the tongue; a medication delivery route

A

sublingual (SL)

44
Q

A mixture of ground particles that are distributed evenly throughout a liquid but do not dissolve

A

suspension

45
Q

Lotions, creams, and ointments that are applied to the surface of the skin and affect only that area; a medication delivery route

A

topical medications

46
Q

The brand name that a manufacturer gives a medication; the name is capitalized.

A

trade name

47
Q

through the skin; a medication delivery route

A

transcutaneous (transdermal)

48
Q

Actions that are undesirable but pose little risk to the patient

A

unintended effect

49
Q

Actions that can be harmful to the patient

A

untoward effects

EMS Accelerated 2020 (Book Flashcards) (44 decks)

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