Chapter 12: Shock Flashcards
the force or resistance against which the heart pumps
afterload
severe shock caused by an allergic reaction
anaphylactic shock
an unusual or exaggerated allergic reaction to foreign protein or other substances
anaphylaxis
a swelling or enlargement or a part of an artery, resulting from weakening of the arterial wall
aneurysm
the part of the nervous system that regulates involuntary functions, such as heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, and sweating
autonomic nervous system
shock caused by inadequate function of the heart, or pump failure
cardiogenic shock
the early stage of shock, in which the body can still compensate for blood loss
compensated shock
bluish color of the skin resulting from poor oxygenation of the circulating blood
cyanosis
the late stage of shock when blood pressure is falling
decompensated shock
loss of water from the tissues of the body
dehydration
A condition that occurs when there is widespread dilation of the small arterioles, small venules, or both
distributive shock
the presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid between cells in body tissues, causing swelling of the affected area
edema
a balance of all systems of the body
homeostasis
shock caused by fluid or blood loss
hypovolemic shock
the final stage of shock, resulting in death
irreversible shock
the ability of the heart muscle to contract
myocardial contractility
circulatory failure caused by paralysis of the nerves that control the size of the blood vessels, leading to widespread dilation; seen in patients with spinal cord injuries
neurogenic shock
shock that occurs when there is a block to blood flow in the heart or great vessels, causing an insufficient blood supply to the body’s tissues
obstructive shock
circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells’ current needs
perfusion
the precontraction pressure in the heart as the volume of blood builds up
preload
shock caused by sudden, temporary reduction in blood supply to the brain that causes fainting (syncope)
psychogenic shock
developing a sensitivity to a substance that initially caused no allergic reaction
sensitization
shock caused by severe infection, usually a bacterial infection
septic shock
A condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation to enable every body part to perform its function; also called hypoperfusion
shock
circular muscles that encircle and, by contracting, constrict a duct, tuber, or opening
sphincters
fainting
syncope
