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Path 2 > Lecture Final > Flashcards

Lecture Final Flashcards

1
Q

Berry Aneurysms of what size are likely to rupture?

A

4-7cm

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2
Q

Correct name for the brain herniation resulting in unilateral pupillary dilation?

A

Transtentorial herniation

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3
Q

Correct name for the herniation resulting in compression of the brainstem?

A

Cerebellar tonsillar herniation

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4
Q

Correct name for the herniation resulting in compression of the ant. cerebral artery?

A

Subfalcine herniation

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5
Q

Epidural hematoma results from?

A

Rupture of the meningeal artery

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6
Q

Aneurysms are predisposing factors for the development of?

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhagic stroke, Transient ischemic attack, Intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke

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7
Q

Concussion associated with loss of consciousness, retrograde amnesia, but NOT anatomical changes in the brain

A

True

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8
Q

Type of contusion develops when head is mobile and impact force is immobile

A

Contre-coup contusion (coup contusion is head immobile and force mobile)

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9
Q

Disorder characterized by obstruction of CSF flow w/in the vent system of the brain?

A

Non-communicating hydrocephalus

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10
Q

The term “Amaurosis Fugax” is associated with?

A

Temp thrombosis of opthalamic arterty

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11
Q

Subdural hematoma results from?

A

Rupture of the bridging veins

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12
Q

Herniation resulting in compression of post. cerebral artery

A

Transtentorial herniation

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13
Q

Typical sign of temporal bone fx

A

Battle’s sign

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14
Q

Narrowing of the medial part of jt space along with increased density of articular surfaces in the knee jt are typical x-ray changes in which jt disease?

A

OA

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15
Q

Organ most commonly involved in gout?

A

Kidney

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16
Q

Proper name of subcutaneous nodules in gout?

A

Tophus

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17
Q

Disorder characterized by calcification of IVD?

A

Ochronosis

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18
Q

Inflammation of what jt is most classic sign of gout?

A

1st MTP jt

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19
Q

T or F: Running is a very important kind of physical activity in OA pts for the purpose of preventing progression of disease

A

False, exercise makes it worse

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20
Q

Correct name of deformities of PIP jts of hands in OA

A

Bouchard’s nodes

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21
Q

Which of the following HLA-antigens is found in the majority of RA pts?

A

DR4 and DR1

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22
Q

T or F: In DJD, the synovial membrane is the major(primary) target of pathological process?

A

False, cartilage is

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23
Q

In RA the ulnar deviation of fingers develops around which jts?

A

MCP jts

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24
Q

T or F: RA is characterized by asymmetrical involvement of small jts of hands and feet?

A

False

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25
Q

In RA, which of the following bone changes are found on x-ray?

A

Periarticular osteopenia

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26
Q

All of the following lead to jt ankylosis except?

A

OA

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27
Q

AS is associated with ____ and RA is associated with ____ HLA factors?

A

HLAB27; HLA DR4 and DR1

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28
Q

T or F: Fundamental feature of OA is degeneration of the articular cartilage

A

T

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29
Q

Inflammatory pattern of jt pain is characterized by?

A

Pain stronger in the AM and relieved by exercise

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30
Q

Deformity characterized by hyperflexion of PIP and hyperextension of DIP?

A

Boutonniere deformity

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31
Q

Fusion (ankylosis) of facet jts of cervical spine is a frequent finding of?

A

Juvenile RA

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32
Q

Graves disease is associated with which iodine uptake by the thyroid gland

A

High iodine uptake

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33
Q

Bronchogenic carcinoma pattern that develops mainly in women 20-40yrs, nonsmokers

A

Adenocarcinoma

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34
Q

Extrinsic bronchial asthma is associated with ___ type of hypersensitivity rxn?

A

Type 1

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35
Q

Intrinsic bronchial asthma is associated with ____ type of hypersensitivity rxn

A

NONE

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36
Q

Charcot-Leyden crystals are typical microscopic findings in?

A

Bronchial asthma

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37
Q

Respiratory tract disease that is NOT reversible

A

Emphysema

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38
Q

Emphysema is often complicated by what heart disease?

A

Cor pulmonale (R sided heart failure)

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39
Q

Anthracosis and silicosis (along with asbestosis), all pneumoconiosis, belong to which lung pathology?

A

Restrictive pulmonary disease

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40
Q

Kyphoscoliosis results in which lung disorder?

A

Restrictive pulmonary disorder

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41
Q

Kartagener’s syndrome is always associated with which lung disease?

A

Bronchiectasis

42
Q

T or F: Chronic bronchitis is associated with metaplasia of bronchial epithelium but without loss of bronchial villi

A

F

43
Q

Common name of tumors originating from pleura?

A

Mesothelioma

44
Q

Which immunoglobulins play an important role in pathogenesis of bronchial asthma?

A

IgE

45
Q

Characteristic sign of Horner’s syndrome?

A

Ptsosis, miosis, anhydrosis, enopthalmos

46
Q

Virchow’s nodes result from metastases from what cancer?

A

Lung and stomach

47
Q

Pancoast tumor results in destruction of which vertebrae and ribs?

A

C7, T1, and 1st rib

48
Q

T or F: Pheochromocytoma is associated with adrenocortical insufficiency?

A

F (it is a tumor of adrenal medulla causing excess catecholamines)

49
Q

Important predisposing factor for development of Sheehan’s Syndrome

A

Blood supply from venous plexus

50
Q

Sheehan’s syndrome (postpartum syndrome) is caused by?

A

Ischemic necrosis of pituitary gland

51
Q

Most common cause of the syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion?

A

OAT cell carcinoma

52
Q

Associated with Addison’s Disease

A

Adrenocortical insufficiency

53
Q

Cushing’s syndrome is NOT manifested by?

A

Hypoglycemia (Is manifested by Hypertension, Obesity, and Osteoporosis)

54
Q

Most common pituitary gland tumor?

A

Prolactinoma

55
Q

T or F: Gigantism is associated with Corticotroph cell adenoma of pituitary gland, which develps before the epiphyses have closed

A

True

56
Q

Cretinism is associated with?

A

Hypoproduction of thyroid hormones in infancy

57
Q

T or F: Frohlich’s syndrome (distrophia adiposogenitalis) could by caused by chromophobe pituitary adenoma

A

T

58
Q

T or F: Diabetes insipidus is associated with hyperfxn of the post pituitary gland (neurohypophyisis)

A

False (mellitus)

59
Q

Histological pattern of bronchogenic carcinoma characterized by peripheral growth

A

Adneocarcinoma

60
Q

Hypothyroidism is associated with?

A

Low iodine uptake by thyroud gland

61
Q

Not a manifestation of cretinism (congenital hypothyodisim)

A

Tall stature (manifested by mental underdevelopment, umbilical hernia, enlarged tongue, short stature, coarse facial features)

62
Q

Not a symptom of prolactinoma

A

Lack of breast milk (Symps: infertility, amenorrhea, loss of libido, galactorrhea)

63
Q

Hyperthyroidism could be associated with

A

Pretibial myxedema, localized dermopath (also in Graves)

64
Q

Conn’s syndrome aka

A

Hyperaldosteronism

65
Q

Myxedema is associated with ?

A

Hypoproduction of thyroid hormones in adult

66
Q

T or F: Goiter is noninflammatory and nonneoplastic enlargement of throid

A

T

67
Q

Black color of urine is typical sign of?

A

Alkaptonuria

68
Q

Which lobe of the brain is composed in subfalcine herniation?

A

Frontal

69
Q

Based on lecture info, what is NOT a characteristic of concussion?

A

Hemorrhage into superficial brain parenchyma

70
Q

Ex vacuo hydrocephalus develops due to?

A

Mutliple neuron atrophy

71
Q

CSF is produced in which of the following vents of the brain?

A

Lateral ventrivles

72
Q

Myocardial infarction could pontentially result in dev of which CVD?

A

Ischemic stroke

73
Q

TIA is a temporary condition and is considered a part of which CVD?

A

Ischemic stroke

74
Q

Laceration could result in which pathology?

A

Intracerebral hemorrhage

75
Q

Papilledema could be a manifestation of very serious brain pathology in the following disorders except:

A

Hydrocephalus ex vacuo

76
Q

Hyaline arteriosclerosis predisposes to development of all of the following CVD except:

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhagic stroke

77
Q

Obstruction of foramina of Monroe results in which type of hydrocephalus?

A

Non-communicating

78
Q

Pts with ____ are known as “blue bloaters”, and pts with ____ are known as “pink puffers”

A

Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema

79
Q

Honeycomb fibrosis is a typical pathomorphological finding in which disease?

A

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

80
Q

Which type of lung emphysema results in traumatic pneumothorax more often?

A

Distal acinir

81
Q

Siderosis is associated with which of the following?

A

Reduced lung capacity

82
Q

What is NOT correct for RA?

A

Osteosclerosis of articular surfaces on x-ray

83
Q

Involvemnet of ____ joints in ___ is known as Bouchard’s nodes

A

PIP and OA

84
Q

Which jts are NOT typically involved in OA?

A

MCP jts

85
Q

What is correct for osteophytes?

A

Bone overgrowth b/c of cartilage degeneration

86
Q

What is correct for Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

Inflammation of cervical spine joints

87
Q

Narrowing of the medial part of the joint space long with the increasing density of the articular surfaces in the knee joint are charactistic x-ray signs of the following jt disease?

A

OA

88
Q

What is NOT correct for RA

A

viral infection

89
Q

The form of RA characterized by development of leukopenia is known as?

A

NOTA

90
Q

Dec the height of the intervertebral disc results eventually in all of the following except?

A

Dev of Syndesmophytes

91
Q

A pt complains of periodic attacks of severe inflammation of foot jts. X-ray shows destruction of bones within the right 1st MTP jt. Which diagnosis is most likely the case?

A

Gout

92
Q

The disorder, characterized by presence of rheumatoid nodule in the lung of pts with sarcoidosis is known as?

A

Caplan’s Syndrome

93
Q

Which of the following is NOT a typical site of pain radiation in angina pectoris?

A

Left Epigastric Area

94
Q

Which of the following disorders is characterized by dev of primary chronic adrenocortical insufficiency?

A

Addison’s Disease

95
Q

What is/are central to the Graves disease pathogenesis?

A

Femal predominance, pretibial myxedema

96
Q

What is the most common cause of Cushing’s Syndrome?

A

Corticotroph cell adenoma of hypophysis

97
Q

In hyperthyroidism, the manifestation of which systems are among the earliest and most consistent?

A

CV system

98
Q

What is the name of a disorder resulting in hyperthroidism caused by hyperfunction nodule developing within a long standing goiter?

A

Plummer’s Syndrome

99
Q

Thyroid storm usually results from which of the following?

A

Acute elevate of thyroid hormone levels

100
Q

What is NOT a manifestation of prolactinoma?

A

Increased libido

101
Q

Which of the following is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in iodine-sufficient areas of the world?

A

Hashimoto’s thyrodidits

102
Q

Sheehan syndrome results from?

A

Ischemic necrosis of pituitary gland

Path 2 (7 decks)

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