Lecture Exams 4

Question 1

what are the 4 processes of respiration

Answer 1

i) pulmonary ventilation
ii) pulmonary gas exchnage
iii) gas transport
iv) tissue gas ecnage

Question 2

define the pulmonary gas excahnge

Answer 2

movemnt of gases between lungs and the blood

Question 3

define the as transport

Answer 3

movemnt of gases through the blood

Question 4

define the tissue gas exchnage

Answer 4

movemnt of gases between issues and blood

Question 5

what is the respiratory zone

Answer 5

the area whre gases are exchnage

Question 6

what is the conducting zone

Answer 6

conduits through which air travels on its way in and out of the body as it is inhaled or exhaled

Question 7

what are the structures of the conducting zones

Answer 7

nose and nasal cavity through the bronchioles

Question 8

what are the strutures if the respiratory zone

Answer 8

aveoli

Question 9

besides respiration, what other mechanisma is associated with the respiratory system

Answer 9

the mechanism of speech, sense of the smell, maintaning the bodys homestasis

Question 10

proper functioning of the the respiratory system is critical in what

Answer 10

mainatining acid base balance in the extracelluar fluid

Question 11

whats the function of the angiotensin-II

Answer 11

mainatain acid base homeostasis and is also critical in maintaining blood pressure and fluid homestasis

Question 12

recap of the fucntions of respiration

Answer 12

● Producing speech and other vocalizations
● Detecting odors
● Helping to expel contents of the abdominopelvic cavity
● Assisting in the flow of venous blood and lymph in the thoracic
and abdominopelvic cavities
● Maintaining acid-base homeostasis
● Assisting in the production of angiotensin-II for maintenance
of blood pressure and fluid homeostasis

Question 13

define the intrapulmonary pressure

Answer 13

pressure inisde lung decreases as lung volume increases

Question 14

what time does pressure in the lungs decreases

Answer 14

inspiration

Question 15

what time does pressure in the lungs increase

Answer 15

expiration

Question 16

when pressure in the lung decreases, what happens with the lung volume

Answer 16

increase

Question 17

when does the pleural cavity pressure becomes more negative

Answer 17

pleura cavity becomes negative as chest wall expands during inspiration

Question 18

during what stage does pleura cavity returns to the intial value

Answer 18

when the chest wall recoils

Question 19

what happens to airway resistance as smooth muscle relaxes

Answer 19

airway resistance decreases

Question 20

as smooth muscle constracts, airway resistance …

Answer 20

increases

Question 21

How does the respiratory system contribute to the

maintenance of homeostasis?

Answer 21

gas exchange and regualrion of pH

Question 22

what is the relationship between pressure and volume

Answer 22

pressure and volume of a gas are inversely related—as the volume
of a container increases, the pressure the gas exerts on the container
decreases. The opposite is also true—as the volume of a
container decreases,

Question 23

what hapens to the atmospheric pressure when you go under sea level

Answer 23

atmospheric pressure increases

Question 24

During normal inspiration,

the intrapleural pressure

Answer 24

remains lower than the intrapulmonary

pressure.

Question 25

When the volume of the lungs increases, the intrapulmonary pressure

Answer 25

decreases

Question 26

relaxation of the brochial smooth muslce does what

Answer 26

increases the diameter of the the bronchioles

Question 27

what are the physical factors that that affects pulmonary ventilation

Answer 27

i) air resistance
ii) alveolar surface tension
iii) pulmonary compliance

Question 28

pulmonary compliance is primarily determined by 3 factors

Answer 28

i) degree of alveolar surface tension
ii) distensibility of elastic tissue in the lungs
iii) ability of the chest wall to move

Question 29

define pulmonary compliance

Answer 29

physical factor that influences the effectiveness of gas

exchange

Question 30

gas exchange consits if what 2 processes

Answer 30

i) pulmonary gas exchange

ii) tissue gas exchange

Question 31

pulmonary gas exchange involves the exchange of gases between what and what

Answer 31

involves the exchange of gas between alveoli and blood

Question 32

tissue gas exchange involves the exchange of gases between…

Answer 32

exchnage of gas between the blood systemic capillaries and the bodys cells

Question 33

factors that affect efficiency of pulmonary gas exchange

Answer 33

i) Surface area of respiratory membrane

ii) Thickness of respiratory membrane

Question 34

factors that affects efficiency of tissue gas exchange

Answer 34

i) surface
ii) distance
iii) perfusion of tissue

Question 35

what is the daltons law of partial pressure

Answer 35

each gas in a

mixture exerts its own pressure, called its partial pressure

Question 36

factors that cuases more oxygen unloading

Answer 36

i) temperature increase
ii) H+ concentration increase
iii) Pco2 increase