lecture exam 1

Question 1

anatomy

Answer 1

form and structure

Question 2

physiology

Answer 2

functions

Question 3

dorsal cavity

Answer 3

cranium
spinal canal
CNS

Question 4

ventral cavity

Answer 4

thorax
abdomen
contains viscera

Question 5

inflammation of the thorax

Answer 5

pleuritis

Question 6

inflammation of abdomen

Answer 6

peritonitis

Question 7

knee

Answer 7

common name to carpus

Question 8

hock

Answer 8

common name to tarsus

Question 8

functions of bones

Answer 8

support
protection
leverage
storage
blood cell formation (hematopoiesis)

Question 8

bone

Answer 8

• second hardest natural substance in the body
• composed of cells embedded in a matrix

Question 8

ossification

Answer 8

hardening of the matrix

Question 8

osteoblasts

Answer 8

cells that form bone

Question 8

osteocytes

Answer 8

osteoblasts surrounded by bone

Question 8

osteoclasts

Answer 8

remodel and remove bone

Question 8

spicules (cancellous)

Answer 8

bone marrow in spaces
light
arranged

Question 8

compact bone

Answer 8

outside layer of all bones
shafts of long bones
Haversian systems (concentric layers of ossified bone matrix around central canal)

Question 8

red bone marrow

Answer 8

hematopoetic tissue
younger animals

Question 9

yellow bone marrow

Answer 9

adipose connective tissue
adult animals
can revert to red bone marrow

Question 10

fibrous joint

Answer 10

immovable; sutures in skull

Question 11

cartilaginous joint

Answer 11

slightly movable; mandibular symphysis

Question 12

synovial joint

Answer 12

freely movable; hip socket

Question 13

arthro-

Answer 13

joints

Question 14

chondro-

Answer 14

cartilage

Question 15

costo-

Answer 15

ribs

Question 16

osteo-

Answer 16

bone

Question 17

types of synovial joints

Answer 17

hinge
gliding
pivot
ball and socket

Question 18

hinge joints

Answer 18

only flexion and extension

Question 19

gliding joints

Answer 19

rocking motion of one bone on another; carpus

Question 20

pivot joints

Answer 20

one bone rotates on another; atlas and axis

Question 21

axial skeleton

Answer 21

head and trunk (central part of body)

Question 22

appendicular skeleton

Answer 22

bones of the limbs

Question 23

visceral skeleton

Answer 23

bones formed in soft organs

Question 24

basic tissues of the body

Answer 24

muscle
epithelial
connective
nervous

Question 25

muscle tissues

Answer 25

provide motion
maintain posture
generate heat

Question 26

epimysium

Answer 26

well-defined group of cells surrounded by fibrous connective sheath (skeletal)

Question 27

action of muscles

Answer 27

adductor
abductor

Question 28

shape of muscles

Answer 28

deltoid
trapezius

Question 29

location of muscles

Answer 29

triceps brachii

Question 30

direction of muscle fibers

Answer 30

transversus abdominus

Question 31

number of heads or divisions

Answer 31

quadriceps femoris

Question 32

attachment sites

Answer 32

sternocephalicus

Question 33

functions of head and neck skeletal muscles

Answer 33

facial expressions
mastication
sensory structures
support and move head, neck, and front legs

Question 34

function of limb skeletal muscles

Answer 34

locomotion and movement

Question 35

neuromuscular junction

Answer 35

site where ends of motor nerve fibers connect to muscle fibers

Question 36

motor unit

Answer 36

one nerve fiber and all the muscle fibers it innervates

Question 36

function of pelvic limb skeletal muscles

Answer 36

locomotion

Question 36

functions of abdominal skeletal muscles

Answer 36

• support abdominal organs
• help flex the back
• participate in defecation, urination, and parturition
  respiration

Question 36

functions of skeletal muscles of respiration

Answer 36

increase and decrease size of thoracic cavity
- inspiratory muscles increase and expiratory muscles decrease size