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HUNT 245 > Lecture 9 - Physical Activity > Flashcards

Lecture 9 - Physical Activity Flashcards

1
Q

what is physical activity

A

any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that requires energy expenditure

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2
Q

what are subjective measures of physical activity

A
  • survey / questionnaire
  • self report
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3
Q

benefits to subjective measures of physical activity

A

can use them with lots of people

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4
Q

problems to subjective measures of physical activity

A

under and over estimation

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5
Q

types of objective measures of physical activity

A

pedometers

accelerometery

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6
Q

what is a pedometer

A

step counter

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7
Q

what is accelerometery basically

A

sophisticated version of an apple watch

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8
Q

what are METs

A

the amount of metabolic equivalents required at rest

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9
Q

what is sedentary behaviour considered to be in METs

A

<1.5 METs

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10
Q

what is light PA in METs

A

1.5-3.5 METs

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11
Q

what is moderate to vigorous PA in METs

A

> 3 METs

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12
Q

the WHO guidelines for physical activity and sedentary behaviour include how many groups of people

A

7 groups

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13
Q

what is recommendation 1 of WHO (adults should do at least …)

A

Adults should do at least 150–300 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity; or at least 75–150 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity ……….

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14
Q

what is improved in adults do to physical activity

A

all cause mortality

cardiovascular disease mortality

incident hypertension

incident site specific cancers

mental health

cognitive health

sleep

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15
Q

what is the relationship of all cause mortality and physical activity

A

inverse relationship

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16
Q

what is recommendation 2 from WHO (adults should also do…..)

A

adults should also do muscle strengthening activities at moderate or greater intensity that involve all major muscle groups on 2 or more days a week, as these provide additional health benefits

17
Q

what is the limitations to recommendation 2 from ministry of health

A

the general public may not know what this means

intensity is different for everyone

18
Q

physical inactivity is defined as

A

not doing at least 150 mins of moderate intensity, or 75 min of vigorous intensity physical activity per week, or any equivalent combination of the two

19
Q

what is the rate of insufficient physical activity in men in NZ

A

30-39%

20
Q

globally, what gender is less likely to meet the physical activity guidelines

A

females

21
Q

what is the rate of insufficient physical activity in women in NZ

A

40-49%

22
Q

what age group in NZ is physical inactivity a problem in

A

adolescents (11-17)

23
Q

initiatives used to increase physical activity

A
  • jump jam
  • required PE until year 10
  • cross country and athletics
  • weetbix triathlon
  • walking school bus
24
Q

is physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour the same

A

NO

25
Q

how are physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour different

A

physical activity is not achieving the guidelines where is sedentary behaviour is energy expenditure <1.5 METS

26
Q

what is sedentary behaviour

A

any walking behaviour characterised by an energy expenditure <1.5 METs, while in a sitting reclining or lying position

27
Q

why was sedentary behaviour defined much more recently than sedentary behaviour

A

because it took a long time to make the distinction between sedentary and physical activity

28
Q

why is all cause mortality associated with watching TV

A

because TV viewing is associated with sedentary behaviour which is associated with greater risks of all cause mortality

29
Q

what is the association with CVD mortality and sedentary behaviour / tv viewing compared to all cause mortality

A

generally stronger association than all cause mortality

30
Q

in observational studies, increased breaks in sedentary time have been associated with ….

A
  • improved measures of body composition
  • improved postprandial plasma triglyceride and glucose responses
31
Q

it is suggested that interrupting sitting down controls …. better which …

A

controls glucose better which decreases risk of diabetes

32
Q

what is recommendation 3 from WHO (adults should limit …)

A

adults should limit the amount of time spent being sedentary

replacing sedentary time with physical activity of any intensity (including light intensity) provides health benefits

33
Q

are the NZ physical activity guidelines similar to the WHO guidelines

A

yes

34
Q

in the sundial study what % of participants met the PA guidelines

A

24%

HUNT 245 (13 decks)

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