Lecture 8 - REDS

Question 1

when you are working with the athlete or general population you need to think about more than …

Answer 1

you need to think about more than just the nutrients

Question 2

what is an eating disorder

Answer 2

clinically diagnosable

Question 3

eating disorders are higher in sports that ..

Answer 3

involve weight classes

aesthetic sports

where having a low body mass is seen as advantageous

Question 4

what is energy availability

Answer 4

amount of energy available following the energy used for exercise for normal physiological functions per kg of fat free mass

Question 5

what is the energy availability equation

Answer 5

energy availability = energy intake - exercise energy expenditure / fat free mass

Question 6

there is evidence that low energy availability in females can ..

Answer 6

impair reproductive hormones

impact bone health

Question 7

in females a negative energy balance affects what and this leads to low bone density

Answer 7

lowers oestrogen

Question 8

high energy deficiency can lead to

Answer 8

functional hypothalamic amenorrhea

Question 9

what is RED’s

Answer 9

Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport

Question 10

symptoms of relative energy deficiency in females

Answer 10

• impaired menstrual cycle
• impaired immune system
• impaired bone density
• reduced female hormones

Question 11

what are the effects of relative energy deficiency in male athletes

Answer 11

• decreased hormone levels
• decreased protein synthesis
• direct impact on bone metabolism

Question 12

a survey found there was increased risk of low energy intake for athletes participating in what type of sport

Answer 12

individual sport

Question 13

a survey found irregular periods to be associated with what

Answer 13

history of stress fracture

Question 14

how do errors occur with expenditure when calculating energy availability

Answer 14

• under or over reporting
• what counts as exercise
• representative ?

Question 15

how do errors occur with intakes when calculating energy availability

Answer 15

• under or over reporting
• burden
• representative ?

Question 16

what is the LEAF questionnaire

Answer 16

a screening tool for the identification of female athletes at risk for the female triad

Question 17

what is the female triad

Answer 17

shows how low energy availability is linked to low oestrogen and bone mineral density

Question 18

what are the factors of the LEAF

Answer 18

menstrual function

gastrointestinal function

injuries

Question 19

reasons for LEA or REDS can be …. or …

Answer 19

intentional or unintentional

Question 20

what is a quick fix diet

Answer 20

energy content and the meals / nutrients are similar day to day = means it is a bad meal plan

Question 21

a study on elite rugby players found that those who had the worst body image also had the lowest

Answer 21

lowest energy availability

Question 22

what are the 5 reasons as to why you might measure body composition

Answer 22

1. identify physical characteristics of elite performers
2. assess and monitor growth
3. monitor training programs / dietary interventions
4. determine optimal body composition for weight category sports
5. monitor the relationship to health and performance

Question 23

considerations for body composition testing

Answer 23

be aware or vulnerable athletes

focus on performance

treat data confidently

de-emphasise the importance of body composition

Question 24

questions for someone that has cut out food groups from their diet and has low energy intake

Answer 24

1. menstrual history
2. potential food intolerances
3. food groups avoided
4. lifestyle
5. gut health
6. stress

Question 25

how could an athlete be impacted from their parents eating habbits

Answer 25

parents may be trying to cut down their intake, the athlete will have much higher requirements compared to them so this could make the child at risk of low energy intake

Question 26

what aspect of recovery will take the longest from REDs

Answer 26

bone mineral density