Lecture 9 - Muscles Of The Gluteal & Hip Flashcards
What are the movements of the gluteal & hip muscles?
- flexion/extension
- abduction/adduction
- internal (medial) / external (lateral) rotation
What are the 4 muscles of the gluteal & hip?
- gluteus Maximus
- gluteus medius
- gluteus minimus
- tensor fascia latae
What is the importance of the gluteus Maximus?
- Important in bringing the trunk upright from a seated position (working concentrically) & also lowering the trunk down to a seated position (working eccentrically)
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the gluteus Maximus?
- O: Posterior sacrum, coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament
- I: 1/4 to gluteal tuberosity of femur (deeper fibres), 3/4 to iliotibial band
- Inn: Inferior gluteal nerve
- MA: Hip extension (powerful) & Lateral rotation of the extended hip
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the gluteus medius?
- O: External blade of ilium (between anterior & posterior gluteal lines)
- I: Greater trochanter of femur
- Inn: Superior gluteal nerve
- MA: Hip abduction
What is pelvic stabilization of the gluteus medius?
- stabilizes the pelvis during walking
- Maintains horizontal pelvic alignment during the single leg stance phase of walking
- Lack of stabilization results in a trendelenburg gait; caused by unilateral weakness of the hip abductors
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the gluteus minimus?
- O: External blade of ilium (between inferior & anterior gluteal lines)
- I: Greater trochanter of femur
- Inn: Superior gluteal line
- MA: Hip abduction
What is the function of the lateral rotators of the hip?
- externally (laterally) rotate the femur in the hip joint
What are the 5 posterior lateral rotators of the hip?
- obturator internus
- obturator externus
- superior gemelli
- inferior gemelli
- quadrates femoris
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the obturator infernus?
- O: Posterior surface of the obturator membrane, bony boundaries of the obturator foramen
- I: Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
- Inn: Nerve to obturator internus
- MA: External rotation of extended thigh, Abduction of flexed thigh
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the obturator externus?
- O: Anterior surface of obturator membrane, bony boundaries of obturator foramen
- I: Trochanteric fossa of femur
- Inn: Obturator nerve
- MA: external rotation of thigh, abduction of thigh (from flexed hip)
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the superior gemelli?
- O: Ischial spine
- I: Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
- Inn: Nerve to obturator internus
- MA: Thigh external rotation, thigh abduction (from flexed hip)
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the inferior gemelli?
- O: Ischial tuberosity
- I: Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
- Inn: Nerve to quadratus femoris
- MA: Thigh external rotation, thigh abduction (from flexed hip)
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the quadratus femoris?
- O: Ischial tuberosity
- I: Intertrochanteric crest of femur
- Inn: Nerve to quadratus femoris
- MA: thigh external rotation
What is the single anterior lateral rotator of the hip?
- piriformis (which means pear-shaped)
