Lecture 10 - Muscles Of The Thigh Flashcards
What are the type of thigh movements ?
- hip flexion/extension & adduction
- knee flexion/extension & slight amounts of internal/external rotation
What are the 3 compartments of the thigh muscles?
- anterior
- posterior
- medial
How many muscles are in the anterior compartment of the thigh muscles?
- 5 muscles
What are the 5 muscles part of the anterior compartment?
- all 5 muscles are innervated by the femoral nerve
- sartorius
- Rectus femoris
- Vastus lateralis
- Vastus medialis
- Vastus intermedialias
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the sartorius?
- O: Anterior superior iliac spine
- I: Medial proximal tibia
- Inn: Femoral nerve
- MA: Hip flexion, abduction, external rotation, Knee flexion
What is the quadriceps femoris?
- the 4 muscles that make up the quad: the Rectus femoris, the 3 vasti muscles; medialis, lateralis, intermedialis (which wrap around the femur)
- All muscles insert on the tibial tuberosity via the quadriceps & patellar tendons
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the Rectus femoris?
- O: Has 2 heads; Straight - anterior inferior iliac spine & Curved - superior acetabulum
- I: Tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon
- Inn: Femoral nerve
- MA: Knee extension & Hip flexion
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the Vastus lateralis?
- O: Linea aspera & greater trochanter
- I: Tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon
- Inn: Femoral nerve
- MA: Knee extension
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the Vastus medialis?
- O: Linea aspera & Intertrochanteric line
- I: Tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon
- Inn: Femoral nerve
- MA: Knee extension
What is the importance of the Vastus medialis ?
- prevents lateral dislocation of the patella secondary to the Q-angle & lateral pull of the Vastus lateralis
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the Vastus intermedialis ?
- O: Anterior & lateral surfaces of the femur
- I: Tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon
- Inn: Femoral nerve
- MA: Knee extension
What is the posterior compartment of the thigh muscles?
- also known as the hamstrings
- Three 2-jointed muscles that cross both the hip & knee (hip extension & knee flexion)
- Common origin is the ischial tuberosity & All innervated by the sciatic nerve
How many muscles are in the posterior compartment of the thigh muscles ?
- 3
What muscles are in the posterior compartment of the thigh muscles?
- biceps femoris (lateral); which is the only quadriceps muscle that crosses 2 joints
- semimembranosus (medial)
- semitendinosus
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the biceps femoris?
- O: Has 2 heads; Long head - ischial tuberosity, Short head - linea aspera
- I: Head of the fibula
- Inn: Sciatic nerve
- MA: Hip extension, Knee flexion, & Lateral rotation of a flexed knee
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the semimembranosus?
- O: Ischial tuberosity
- I: Posteromedial tibial condyle (just posterior to the MCL)
- Inn: Sciatic nerve
- MA: Hip extension, Knee flexion, & Medial rotation of a flexed knee
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the semitendinosus?
- O: Ischial tuberosity
- I: Medial surface of proximal tibia
- Inn: Sciatic nerve
- MA: Hip extension, Knee flexion & Medial rotation of a flexed knee
What is the medial compartment of the thigh muscles?
- made up of 5 muscles
- All the muscles cross the hip joint; only one crosses the knee joint (gracilis)
- Collectively referred to as the hip adductors
What are the 5 thigh muscles of the medial compartment
- gracilis
- pectineus
- adductor brevis
- adductor longus
- adductor Magnus
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the gracilis?
- O: Body of pubis
- I: Just below the medial tibial condyle (posterior to sartorius)
- Inn: Obturator nerve
- MA: Hip adduction
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the pectineus?
- O: Superior pubic ramus
- I: Pectineal line of the femur
- Inn: Femoral nerve
- MA: Hip adduction
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the adductor brevis?
- O: Body of pubis & inferior pubic ramus
- I: Proximal linea aspera & pectineal line
- Inn: Obturator nerve
- MA: Hip adduction
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the adductor longus?
- O: Body of pubis
- I: Middle 1/3 linea aspera
- Inn: Obturator nerve
- MA: Hip adduction
What is the adductor Magnus?
- Large, triangular shape
- has 2 distinct portions:
- small (adductor) portion
- large (hamstrings) portion
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the smaller (adductor) portion of the adductor Magnus?
- O: Ischiopubic ramus
- I: Medial supracondylar ridge & linea aspera of the femur
- Inn: Obturator nerve
- MA: Hip adduction
What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the larger (hamstrings) portion of the adductor Magnus?
- O: Ischial tuberosity (descends almost vertically)
- I: Adductor tubercle of femur
- Inn: Sciatic nerve
- MA: Powerful hip adduction
What is intermuscular spetum?
- Connective tissue that extends from the superficial fascia deep into a muscle group to separate one muscle from another
What is the fascia of the thigh?
- Sleeve of connective tissue surrounding the muscles of the thigh
- maintains the shape of the thigh & enhancing the mechanical function of the muscles of the thigh
- Thicker proximally & laterally, also thicker around the knee for support
What is the pes anserine group?
- Medial group of 3 muscles crossing the knee
- One muscle from each compartment:
- Anterior - sartorius
- Medial - gracilis
- Posterior - semitendinosus
- Anterior to posterior (Say Grace before Tea)
Which 2 Joint Muscles of the Leg (Thigh) Muscles Cross & Act on 2 Joints?
- Anterior: Sartorius & Rectus femoris
- Posterior: All 3 hamstring muscles
- Medially: Gracilis
