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Human Anatomy - Muscular System > Lecture 2 - Muscles Of The Pec/Shoulder > Flashcards

Lecture 2 - Muscles Of The Pec/Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

What are the movements of the scapula?

A
  • Elevation/depression
  • Retraction/protraction
  • Upward/downward rotation
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2
Q

What are the movements of the shoulder (GH joint)?

A
  • it is a Multi-axial/ball & socket joint
  • Flexion/Extension
  • Abduction/adduction
  • Internal (medial)/external (lateral) rotation
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3
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior axio-appendicular ?

A
  • Pectoralis major/minor
  • subclavius
  • Serratus anterior
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4
Q

What is the origin of the Pectoralis major ?

A
  • clavicular head; anterior surface of medial half of clavicle
  • sternocostal head; anterior surface of sternum & costal cartilages (1-6)
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5
Q

What is the insertion/Innervation of the Pectoralis major?

A
  • Insertion; Lateral hip of the bicipital groove on humerus (both heads)
  • Innervation; Medial Pectoral Nerve & Lateral Pectoral Nerve
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6
Q

What is the main action of the Pectoralis major?

A
  • Shoulder adduction & medial rotation
  • Clavicular head only; shoulder flexion from an extended position
  • Sternal head only; shoulder extension from flexed position
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7
Q

What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the Pectoralis minor?

A
  • O: Anterior & superior surfaces of ribs 3, 4, 5, just lateral to costal cartilages
  • I: Coracoid process of scapula
  • Inn: Medial pectoral nerve
  • MA: Protraction of scapula
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8
Q

What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the subclavius ?

A
  • O: Rib 1 at junction of rib & costal cartilage
  • I: Groove on inferior surface of middle 1/3 clavicle
  • Inn: Nerve to subclavius
  • MA: Anchors & depresses clavicle when upper limb is moving
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9
Q

What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the Serratus anterior?

A
  • O: External lateral surfaces of first 8 (or 9) ribs
  • I: Anterior surface of medial border scapula
  • Inn: Long thoracic nerve
  • MA: Scapular protraction & Scapular upward rotation
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10
Q

What are the muscles of the posterior axio-appendicular?

A
  • trapezius
  • latissimuss dorsi
  • levator scapulae
  • rhomboid major/minor
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11
Q

What is the origin of the trapezius?

A
  • External occipital crest
  • Ligamentum nuchae
  • Spinous processes of C7-T12 (aponeurotic)
  • supraspinous ligament
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12
Q

What are the insertions of the trapezius ?

A
  • Upper fibers descend to the lateral 1/3 of the posterior clavicle
  • Middle fibers run horizontally along scapular spine to the acromion press of scapula
  • Lower fibers ascend to the scapular spine
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13
Q

What is the Innervation of the trapezius ?

A
  • CN XI (accessory nerve)
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14
Q

What are the main actions of the trapezius ?

A
  • Upper scapular elevation, upward rotation, neck extension, & side flexion
  • Middle scapular retraction
  • Lower scapular depression & upward rotation
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15
Q

What is the origin of the latissimus dorsi?

A
  • Spinous processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae & interspinous ligaments
  • Thoracolumbar fascia
  • Posterior iliac crest
  • Lower 3 or 4 ribs
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16
Q

What is the insertion/Innervation of the latissimus dorsi?

A
  • I: Floor of bicipital groove
  • Inn: Thoracodorsal nerve
17
Q

What are the main actions of the latissimus dorsi?

A
  • Shoulder extension back to neutral from a flexed position
  • Shoulder medial rotation
  • Shoulder adduction
18
Q

What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the levator scapulae ?

A
  • O: C1 to C4 transverse processes
  • I: Superior portion of medial border of scapula
  • Inn: Dorsal scapular nerve
  • MA: Scapular elevation & downward rotation
19
Q

What is the origin of the rhomboid minor?

A
  • Lower portion of ligamentum nuchae
  • C7 & T1 spinous processes
20
Q

What is the insertion/Innervation of the rhomboid minor?

A
  • I: Medial end of scapular spine at medial border of scapula
  • Inn: Dorsal Scapular nerve
21
Q

What are the main actions of the rhomboid minor?

A
  • Scapular retraction
  • Scapular downward rotation
  • Scapular elevation
22
Q

What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the rhomboid major?

A
  • O: T2 to T5 spinous processes
  • I: Medial border of scapula
  • Inn: Dorsal Scapular nerve
  • MA: Scapular retraction, downward rotation & elevation
23
Q

What is the origin of the deltoid muscle?

A
  • Anterior portion of lateral 1/3 clavicle
  • Lateral portion of acromion process
  • Inferior edge of scapular spine
  • Forms 3 distinct portions
24
Q

What is the insertion/Innervation of the deltoid muscle?

A
  • I: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
  • Inn: Axillary nerve
25
Q

What are the main actions of the deltoid muscle?

A
  • Abduction of shoulder (beyond 15 degrees)
  • Anterior head - shoulder flexion & medial rotation
  • Posterior head - shoulder extension & lateral rotation
26
Q

What is the rotator cuff?

A
  • cuff of muscles that go around the humerus & do rotational movements
  • Made up of 4 muscles - supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis (SITS)
27
Q

What do the anterior/posterior cuff muscles of the rotator cuff do?

A
  • Anterior cuff muscle (1) - Medially rotates shoulder
  • Posterior cuff muscles (3) - Laterally rotates shoulder
28
Q

What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the supraspinatus?

A
  • part of the rotator cuff
  • O: Supraspinous fossa of scapula
  • I: Superior portion of greater tubercle of humerus
  • Inn: Suprascapular nerve
  • MA: Initiates abduction of the shoulder (first 150)
29
Q

What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the infraspinatus?

A
  • part of the rotator cuff
  • O: Infraspinous fossa of the scapula
  • I: Middle portion of greater tubercle of humerus
  • Inn: Suprascapular nerve
  • MA: Lateral rotation of the shoulder
30
Q

What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the teres minor?

A
  • part of the rotator cuff
  • O: Mid-portion of lateral border of scapula
  • I: Inferior portion of greater tubercle of humerus
  • Inn: Axillary Nerve
  • MA: Lateral rotation of the shoulder
31
Q

What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the subscapularis?

A
  • part of the rotator cuff
  • O: Subscapularis fossa of the scapula
  • I: Lesser tubercle of the humerus
  • Inn: Upper Subscapular nerve – Lower Subscapular nerve
  • MA: Shoulder medial rotation
32
Q

What is the origin/insertion/Innervation/main action of the teres major?

A
  • O: Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
  • I: Medial lip of bicipital groove of humerus
  • Inn: Lower Subscapular nerve
  • MA: Shoulder medial rotation & adduction & Shoulder extension from a flexed position

Human Anatomy - Muscular System (13 decks)

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