lecture 9: bloodborn pathogents Flashcards by Emily Pereira

what are blood borne pathogens

pathogenic (hold disease) organiams prsent in human blood and fluids that can lead to diseases

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what are explmples of fluits that can hold blood borne pathogens

cerebrospinal fluid
semen
vag scretioon
synovial fluid

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what are some diseases that are blood born

hep b (HBV)
hep c (HCV)
Human ummudefficeity virus (HIV)

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true or false: Hep b (HBV) is a silent infection

true

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what are some symtoms of hep b

SILENT INFECTION; SYMPTOMS INCLUDE
• JAUNDICE
• FATIGUE
• ABDOMINAL PAIN
• LOSS OF APPETITE
• INTERMITTENT NAUSEA
• VOMITING

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hep b may lead to…

chronic liver disease. liver cancer and death

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how long can HBC surive in blood, fluids and continated surfaces

1 week

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what is the most common chronic blood born infecton in the US

hep c

HCV

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what are the symtpoms of HEP C

SYMPTOMS INCLUDE:
• JAUNDICE
• FATIGUE
• ABDOMINAL PAIN
• LOSS OF APPETITE
• INTERMITTENT NAUSEA
• VOMITING

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hep c can lead to…

chronic liver disease and death

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which virus leads to aids

human ummunio defficenty virus

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does hiv survive well out of the body

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are you infected for life with HIV

yes

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what are some other bloodborne diseases

CAUSED BY VIRUSES OR BACTERIA
• CIRCULATE IN BLOOD AT SOME PHASE; CAPABLE OF BEING TRANSMITTED
• MOST ARE RARE IN THE U.S.

ex: zike and ebola

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what is the main contanimation osource

blood

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what are some other poteinally infectious material (OPIM)

HUMAN BODY FLUIDS

ANY UNFIXED TISSUE OR ORGAN FROM HUMAN
CULTURES, CULTURE MEDIUMS, OR OTHER SOLUTIONS

EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL BLOOD, TISSUES, OR ORGANS INFECTED WITH HIV OR HBV
RISK OF EXPOSURE
Source: OSHA

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how does the spread occur

DIRECT CONTACT
• INDIRECT CONTACT
• RESPIRATORY TRANSMISSION
• VECTOR-BORNE TRANSMISSION

explain direct contact

body fluids enter someones body

ex: cut ocmes into contact with blood

explain indirect coact

germsfrom an infector object enter someone else

ex: not wearing gloves and picking up a used tissue

explain airborne transmission

germs in the air

ex: not wearing a mask and person sneezes

explain vector born tranmission

germs are introduced directly into the body

ex: infected mosquire bites you

how does expoure occur

needle sticks
cuts from continmated objects
contact with broek skin

true ro false: chances of transmitting HIV between athletes is high

false, there is minimal risk of on field transmission

what are some sports withhigh risk for transmittion (because of close contact and fluotds)

martial arts, boxing, wrestling

what are 2 standard precaused for exposeures

1) treat all blood and fluid like theyre contanimated | 2) properly clean up and disinfject

where should ANY DISPOSABLE EQUIPMENT THAT YOU HAVE USED (E.G. GLOVES, BREATHING BARRIERS) be disposed

LABELLED LEAK-PROOF CONTAINER WITH A BIOHAZARD SYMBO

what are some expamples of PPE

``` gloves masks face shield gowns safety glasses ```

you dont have to wash your hands after gare if you wore gloves

false

handsanitizers are subtiable for handwashing and cleaning visibly soiled hands

false, only temporary measure where unable to watch hands immediatley

explain immuniczation against HBV

VACCINATION AGAINST HBV SHOULD BE PROVIDED BY EMPLOYER TO THOSE WHO MAY BE EXPOSED (EX. HOSPITAL) • ATHLETIC THERAPISTS AND ALLIED HEALTH PROFESSIONALS SHOULD BE VACCINATED • 3-DOSE VACCINATION OVER 6 MONTHS • POST-EXPOSURE VACCINATION IS ALSO AVAILABLE AFTER COMING INTO CONTACT WITH BLOOD OR FLUIDS

what is the fucntion of CPR breathing barriers

USED TO REDUCE THE RISK OF INFECTION WHEN GIVING RESCUE BREATHS BY ELIMINATING THE NEED FOR MOUTH-TO-MOUTH CONTACT • PROTECTING YOU FROM BODILY FLUIDS SUCH AS SALIVA AND BLOOD

is a pocket mask reusble

yes

is a face shield reasuble

what type of dresssing lessens change of cross contamination

occlusive dressing

what is considred the sup[erior barrier and why

hydrocolloid (reduced chance that wound will reopen, allows it to be moist and pliable0

with servere bleeding and use of sharp objects, what is reccomended in terms of gloves

doubling gloves

there is not special way of removing gloves

false

if hands and skin comes into contact with blood and fluid what shouls be done

watch immediable with soap and water (antigermicidal agent)

what should continmited surfaces be cleaned with

immediately cleaned with a solution of sodium hypochlorite (5.25) diliated in a 1:9 ration

what are some examples of sharps and what you need to do with them

needlez, razirs and scalpels do not recap, bend or removed put in hazard sciecnes and tweeizers should be sterilized and disnfected

after any exposure, consult a hospital that offers..

AFTER ANY EXPOSURE, CONSULT A HOSPITAL THAT OFFERS • POST-EXPOSURE TREATMENT ASAP • IDEALLY WITHIN 2 HOURS