lecture 9: bloodborn pathogents Flashcards
what are blood borne pathogens
pathogenic (hold disease) organiams prsent in human blood and fluids that can lead to diseases
what are explmples of fluits that can hold blood borne pathogens
cerebrospinal fluid
semen
vag scretioon
synovial fluid
what are some diseases that are blood born
hep b (HBV) hep c (HCV) Human ummudefficeity virus (HIV)
true or false: Hep b (HBV) is a silent infection
true
what are some symtoms of hep b
SILENT INFECTION; SYMPTOMS INCLUDE • JAUNDICE • FATIGUE • ABDOMINAL PAIN • LOSS OF APPETITE • INTERMITTENT NAUSEA • VOMITING
hep b may lead to…
chronic liver disease. liver cancer and death
how long can HBC surive in blood, fluids and continated surfaces
1 week
what is the most common chronic blood born infecton in the US
hep c
HCV
what are the symtpoms of HEP C
SYMPTOMS INCLUDE: • JAUNDICE • FATIGUE • ABDOMINAL PAIN • LOSS OF APPETITE • INTERMITTENT NAUSEA • VOMITING
hep c can lead to…
chronic liver disease and death
which virus leads to aids
human ummunio defficenty virus
does hiv survive well out of the body
no
are you infected for life with HIV
yes
what are some other bloodborne diseases
CAUSED BY VIRUSES OR BACTERIA
• CIRCULATE IN BLOOD AT SOME PHASE; CAPABLE OF BEING TRANSMITTED
• MOST ARE RARE IN THE U.S.
ex: zike and ebola
what is the main contanimation osource
blood
what are some other poteinally infectious material (OPIM)
HUMAN BODY FLUIDS
ANY UNFIXED TISSUE OR ORGAN FROM HUMAN
CULTURES, CULTURE MEDIUMS, OR OTHER SOLUTIONS
EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL BLOOD, TISSUES, OR ORGANS INFECTED WITH HIV OR HBV
RISK OF EXPOSURE
Source: OSHA
how does the spread occur
DIRECT CONTACT
• INDIRECT CONTACT
• RESPIRATORY TRANSMISSION
• VECTOR-BORNE TRANSMISSION
explain direct contact
body fluids enter someones body
ex: cut ocmes into contact with blood
explain indirect coact
germsfrom an infector object enter someone else
ex: not wearing gloves and picking up a used tissue
explain airborne transmission
germs in the air
ex: not wearing a mask and person sneezes
explain vector born tranmission
germs are introduced directly into the body
ex: infected mosquire bites you
how does expoure occur
needle sticks
cuts from continmated objects
contact with broek skin
true ro false: chances of transmitting HIV between athletes is high
false, there is minimal risk of on field transmission
what are some sports withhigh risk for transmittion (because of close contact and fluotds)
martial arts, boxing, wrestling
what are 2 standard precaused for exposeures
1) treat all blood and fluid like theyre contanimated
2) properly clean up and disinfject
where should ANY DISPOSABLE EQUIPMENT THAT YOU HAVE USED (E.G. GLOVES, BREATHING BARRIERS) be disposed
LABELLED LEAK-PROOF CONTAINER WITH A BIOHAZARD SYMBO
what are some expamples of PPE
gloves masks face shield gowns safety glasses
you dont have to wash your hands after gare if you wore gloves
false
handsanitizers are subtiable for handwashing and cleaning visibly soiled hands
false, only temporary measure where unable to watch hands immediatley
explain immuniczation against HBV
VACCINATION AGAINST HBV SHOULD BE PROVIDED BY EMPLOYER TO THOSE WHO MAY BE EXPOSED (EX. HOSPITAL)
• ATHLETIC THERAPISTS AND ALLIED HEALTH PROFESSIONALS SHOULD BE VACCINATED
• 3-DOSE VACCINATION OVER 6 MONTHS
• POST-EXPOSURE VACCINATION IS ALSO AVAILABLE AFTER COMING INTO CONTACT WITH BLOOD OR FLUIDS
what is the fucntion of CPR breathing barriers
USED TO REDUCE THE RISK OF INFECTION WHEN GIVING RESCUE BREATHS BY ELIMINATING THE NEED FOR MOUTH-TO-MOUTH CONTACT
• PROTECTING YOU FROM BODILY FLUIDS SUCH AS SALIVA AND BLOOD
is a pocket mask reusble
yes
is a face shield reasuble
no
what type of dresssing lessens change of cross contamination
occlusive dressing
what is considred the sup[erior barrier and why
hydrocolloid (reduced chance that wound will reopen, allows it to be moist and pliable0
with servere bleeding and use of sharp objects, what is reccomended in terms of gloves
doubling gloves
there is not special way of removing gloves
false
if hands and skin comes into contact with blood and fluid what shouls be done
watch immediable with soap and water (antigermicidal agent)
what should continmited surfaces be cleaned with
immediately cleaned with a solution of sodium hypochlorite (5.25) diliated in a 1:9 ration
what are some examples of sharps and what you need to do with them
needlez, razirs and scalpels
do not recap, bend or removed
put in hazard
sciecnes and tweeizers should be sterilized and disnfected
after any exposure, consult a hospital that offers..
AFTER ANY EXPOSURE, CONSULT A HOSPITAL THAT OFFERS
• POST-EXPOSURE TREATMENT ASAP
• IDEALLY WITHIN 2 HOURS
