Lecture 2: head and brain injuries

Question 1

what are the 3 meninges

Answer 1

dura
arachnoid
pia

Question 2

what is dura

Answer 2

outermost
covers skill
highly vaascular

Question 3

what is arachnoid

Answer 3

in between dura and pia
avasvualor
no innervation

Question 4

what is pia

Answer 4

layer that is on top of brain

high vasucular

Question 5

what is the subaracnoid space

Answer 5

it is a space that holds the cerebral spinal fluid whihc is imporatnt for fluidy and shock absorpition

Question 6

what are some head and brain patholigies

Answer 6

scalp laceration
skull fraction
brain contusuin
intracranial bleeding
concussiion
second impact syndrome

Question 7

true or false: scalp laceraations lookworse than they actually arae

Answer 7

true

Question 8

problems with scalp injury

Answer 8

significant blood loss
infection
hypovolemic chock
from blunt trauma
can involve more serrois injuries

Question 9

treatment for scalp injurt

Answer 9

gloves
pressure and sterole cause
c=compression draining

Question 10

when would you refer a scalt injury

Answer 10

for sutures

Question 11

what is the MOI for skull fractures

Answer 11

direct blow

Question 12

what are some examples of skull fractures

Answer 12

linear, penetrating, depressed basal

Question 13

when they is a skull fracature, you usually see CSF

Answer 13

true

Question 14

where can you check for csf in skull fracture

Answer 14

ears mouth

nose eyes

Question 15

what is battles sign

Answer 15

sign of skull fracture, brusing over mastoid process

Question 16

what is raccon eyes aassociated with

Answer 16

ecchymosis

skull fracured

Question 17

what taste does CSF

Answer 17

salty metallic

Question 18

where is mastoid process

Answer 18

behind ear

Question 19

name 5 symttoms of a skill fracures

Answer 19

bleeding.csf leakage
swelling in the area
brushing eyes and ears
pupil size
nasuea
defmormity
incorrent speech 
balance/vision problems
hypoctension
unconcsious

Question 20

what is the latin name for brain contusion

Answer 20

contusio cerebri

Question 21

true or false: a brain contusion deosnt invove intracerebal hematoma

Answer 21

false, it does

Question 22

what is more severe, concussion or brain contussion

Answer 22

brain contisuion

Question 23

what is breain contisuion

Answer 23

structural damage to the brain

Question 24

what are the time effects for contusion

Answer 24

short long and permanetn

Question 25

what happens to the brain in a contusio

Answer 25

bleeding swelling increase pressure on brain

Question 26

where do cerebral contusions mostly happen

Answer 26

in frontal and temporal lobes

Question 27

what is the function of frontal lobe

Answer 27

movement impulse | personality and langauge

Question 28

what is the function of temporal lbe

Answer 28

written hearing memory

Question 29

what is petechial hemmorage?

Answer 29

bleeding in eye

Question 30

what is antoher name for intracranial bleeding

Answer 30

hematoma

Question 31

what does increanial bleeidn cause

Answer 31

INCEASED pressure on brain in confined space

Question 32

what are the 3 hematoma types

Answer 32

epidural hematoma subdural intracerebral

Question 33

if someone has intracranial bleeding, are they also unconcious

Answer 33

no

Question 34

is an epidural hematoma lifethreatihinh

Answer 34

yes

Question 35

what is rare without a skull fracture

Answer 35

epidural hematoma

Question 36

what is the location of epidural hematomy

Answer 36

between dura matter and periosteam

Question 37

what is the fastest devolloping hematoma

Answer 37

epidural

Question 38

what is the MOI for epidural hematoma

Answer 38

laceration to middle meningeal arearty | HIGH VELOCITY BLOW TO TEMPLE

Question 39

true or false: do not worry for epidural hematoma after cooncnussion

Answer 39

false

Question 40

explain talk and die for epidural hematoma

Answer 40

you have a lucid period but there is a rapid decline in LOC as bleeding causes increase pressure in brain

Question 41

what is the most common hematoma

Answer 41

subdural

Question 42

does subdural require surgery

Answer 42

yes

Question 43

where is the location of a subdural hematoma

Answer 43

outside the brain iselt between dura and arachnoid

Question 44

is subdural slow devolopping or fast

Answer 44

slow (24 hours)

Question 45

what type of intracerebal hematoma is fast devolliping

Answer 45

arterial bleed

Question 46

what type of intracerebraal hamtoa is slow developping

Answer 46

venous

Question 47

where is the location of the intracerabal hematoma

Answer 47

within the brain tissue itself

Question 48

what is the defision of intracranial pressure

Answer 48

pressure exercited by brain tissue, blood and CSF

Question 49

what is normal ICP

Answer 49

0-15 mm HG

Question 50

what are the symtpoms of intracranial pressure

Answer 50

``` decreased LOC increase pressure of skull increased BP decreased HR motor dynduntion 9Impaired reguered) ```

Question 51

true or false: intracral pressure has same symptoms as shock

Answer 51

false, oppisite

Question 52

what is c=hyne strokes breaking and what is it associated with

Answer 52

intracranial pressire | slow shallow to deep and rapid and then back to slow

Question 53

true or false: posture doesnt tell you another about ICP

Answer 53

false, there will be abnromal flexion and extension of arms as a sign

Question 54

how can you decrease the pressure on the brain

Answer 54

create a burr hole

Question 55

be able to locate the 3 diff types of hematomas

Answer 55

.

Question 56

do pupils have another to do with ICP

Answer 56

yes pupil reaction will not be norml blurred vission

Question 57

what is the schema for increased in ICP

Answer 57

increase ICP decrease in cerebral perfusion pressure ishemia and hypoxia