Lecture 9: Anaerobic Bacteria Flashcards
How do obligate anaerobes derive ATP?
Fermentation
Is fermentation energy-efficient?
No
What are waste products of fermentation?
organic acids, alcohols, sometimes solutes
What are three enzymes most obligate anaerobes lack?
catalase
peroxidase
superoxide dismutase
What are the two ways anaerobic pathogens infect (where do they come from, where do they go)?
- Normal flora which escape their proper compartment and form an abscess at a new site
- soil organisms which enter the body through wounds, or through consumption of vacuum-packed food
Very sensitive anaerobes must be cultured in what structure?
Anaerobic glove box
Culturing anerobes must happen under _____ conditions.
anoxic
To culture anaerobes, liquid media can be treated with _____ agents
reducing
To culture anaerobes, agar plates must be incubated in an _______
anaerobic culture jar
A combination of _______ and _________ analysis of fermentation products can identify anaerobes
Gram staining
gas chromatography
What are the 3 major pathogenic anaerobes?
Clostridium, GNAB, actinomyces
Which groups of major pathogenic anaerobes are G+?
Clostridia and Actinomyces
Which groups of major pathogenic anaerobes are normal flora?
GNAB, actinomyces, C. diff
Besides C. diff, the rest of the Clostridia are _______ which depend on their _________ ability to jump into humans
soil organisms
spore forming ability
Anaerobic virulence is almost completely determined by _____
exotoxin expression
