Lecture 2: Bacterial Structure And Function 1 Flashcards
Are plant and animal cells smaller or larger that bacteria?
Larger than bacteria
Are viruses larger or smaller than bacteria?
Smaller
Are ribosomes larger or smaller than bacteria?
Smaller
About how many bacteria could fit into a mammalian cell?
Hundreds
To what is the circular DNA genome of bacteria localized?
Nucleiod
Does the bacterial genome have introns?
No
What is the bacterial cell wall made of?
Peptidoglycan
What is the S unit of bacterial ribosomes?
70S
How do bacteria reproduce?
Binary Fission
Do all bacteria have an internal plasma membrane?
Yes
What differentiates G+ from G-?
G+ has thicker, external peptodoglycan cell wall
G- has a second external membrane
What are the steps of Gram Staining?
Fix Crystal Violet Iodine Decolorize Counterstain (Safranin)
What color will G+ cells be?
Blue
What color will G- cells be?
Pink (Counterstain)
Why can’t acid fast bacteria be gram stained?
Mycolic acid layer resists crystal violet and counterstain
What is the LPS of G- bacteria characterized as?
Endotoxin
What do both LPS of G- bacteria and teichoic acids of G+ bacteria cause?
Septic shock
What are glycocalices, and what do they allow the formation of?
Slime layer for attachent
Allow formation of biofilms
What are capsules used for by bacteria?
immune evasion, attachment
What are capsules used for clinically?
tests, vaccines
What are pili used for?
Attachment
What is a common type of pili used for attachment in G- bacteria?
Type 1
What is a common type of pili used for propulsion in G- bacteria?
Type 4
What is a common type of pili used for secretion in G- bacteria?
Types 3 & 4
