Lecture 9 Flashcards
disorder characterized by the inability to regulate high blood glucose due to lack of beta cells in the pancreas or the inability to take in glucose via GLUT4 receptors
diabetes mellitus
common, mild form of gum disease causing irritation, redness, and swelling/inflammation
gingivitis
results from chain of chemical reactions after an initial glycation reaction; play a causative role in vascular complications arising with long term diabetes as well as a factor in normal aging and worsening of many degenerative diseases
advanced glycation end (AGE) products
biomarker in blood that provides a measure of how well diabetes/ blood glucose levels have been managed over the prior 2-3 months
Hemoglobin A1C`
peptide hormones which causes vasoconstriction and subsequent rise in blood pressure
angiotensin and renin
powerful vasodilation with a short half-life of a few seconds in the blood
nitric oxide
a group of diseases in which the body does not properly control the amount of sugar in the blood
diabetes mellitus
insulin dependent diabetes; usually caused by an autoimmune destruction of insulin producing beta cells in the pancreas
T1DM
non-insulin dependent diabetes where the cells become resistant to the effects of insulin and the pancreas cannot make enough insulin to over come the resistance
T2DM
normal fasting plasma glucose levels
less than 100 mg/dl
prediabetes fasting plasma glucose levels
100-125 mg/dl
diabetes fasting plasma glucose levels
greater than 126 mg/dl
normal oral glucose tolerance levels
less than 140 mg/dl
prediabetes oral glucose tolerance levels
140-199 mg/dl
diabetes oral glucose tolerance levels
greater than 200 mg/dl
