Lecture 9 Flashcards
What are the basic building blocks of the body?
Cells
What is metabolism?
The sum of all chemical processes in the cell
What is catabolic vs. Anabolic? Examples?
Catabolic is the breakdown of compounds to release energy. Ex. Glycogen to glucose
Anabolic is the creation of compounds using energy. Ex. Glucose to glycogen
How is protein synthesized?
The DNA is transcribed in the nucleus by opening the helix to make a template to be mRNA -> U replaces T from the DNA strand -> mRNA exits the nucleus to be read by ribosomes -> tRNA brings the appropriate amino acids and anticodon (partner of codon) to the mRNA -> the enzyme will bind the amino acids and make protein
What is included in metabolism?
Catabolic and anabolic reactions
How many mRNA nucleotides are being read at a time?
3 nucleotides = 1 codon
What happens to the translated protein after being made?
Released into cytoplasm to act as an enzyme
Return to nucleus for transcription as an enzyme
Travel to mitochondria for electron transport
Transcribed proteins in rough ER is modified and to be modified more with carbos by the golgi and exported
What is an enzyme?
A protein that speeds reaction rates but does not directly contribute to the reaction.
Can build and break down molecules
Can require ATP
What are the downfalls of an enzyme?
Very specific, very sensitive to pH and temp
Can require body temp to increase for it to work
What is ATP catabolism?
The breaking of ATP molecules for the use of energy inside
Adenosine triphosphate
What is cellular respiration?
The making of ATP with glucose by glycolysis -> mitochondria -> citric acid cycle -> electron transport chain
Will yield 32 ATP to fuel muscle contraction
