Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physio > Lecture 15 > Flashcards

Lecture 15 Flashcards

1
Q

How would one figure out the cardiac output in ml/beat?

A

HR x SV = CO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the stroke volume?

A

The amount of blood pumped from each ventricle per beat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How does one figure out the SV?

A

The volume of blood in diastolic minus the volume of blood in systole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the average blood volume of an adult?

A

4.5 -5 L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How much L of blood passes through the heart each minute?

A

The total blood supply in a minute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Is the SA node pacemaker intrinsic or extrinsic?

A

Intrinsic but is modified by extrinsic control to change pacemaker potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Is the AP in the heart rate modified by AV node and SNS?

A

No. The AP stays the same intensity each time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the types of extrinsic HR controls?

A

Neural

Hormonal

Other factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How does neural control HR?

A

SNS via thoracic nerve can increase slope of pacemaker potential to reach AP quicker (increase HR)
Ex. Scared, stress

PSNS via vagus nerve lowers HR by longer AP generate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do hormones control HR?

A

Epi and norepinephrine

Thyroid hormones - increase HR over days by increase mitochondria numbers and epi receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are other factors that alter the HR?

A

Ion - high K+ in ISF will decrease HR but can cause heart attack

Fever - increase temp = increase HR

Age - younger = higher HR

Fitness - lower HR from more fit ppl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the pathway of the pulmonary artery?

A

Towards the heart

Pulmonary vein towards lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

At what condition are the cardiac fibers at optimal length?

A

Greater stretch the more optimal length for contraction because the more cross bridges formed at max stretch will make a greater force (higher SV)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Frank-Starling law?

A

The force of ejection is proportional to length of ventricle contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How can venus return increase?

A

Exercise (increased rate) or lower HR because it allows the ventricles to fill more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is blood flow?

A

The volume of blood flowing through any tissue/ min

Determined by pressure and resistance

17
Q

What are the 3 concepts that determines the resistance in blood?

A

Vessel length

Blood viscosity

Radius of arterioles controlled by smooth muscles (changeable)

18
Q

What occurs if vasoconstriction happens?

A

Decrease radius = more resistance and less force to organs

More press in artery

Less press in organ (less blood flows into organ caps)

19
Q

What are the intrinsic regulations of the arteriolar radius?

A

Myogenic regulation - smooth muscle reacts to the amount of pressure to allow more/less space

Metabolic regulation - high metabolism (low O2 high CO2 cause cells to release nitric oxide vasodia) // (endothelins -> vasocon)

20
Q

What are the extrinsic regulations for the arteriole radius?

A

Neural regulation (SNS) - veno and vaso constriction by increased SNS signals

Hormonal - epinephrine increases blood flow to fight or flight components - Angio II + ADH / histamine

21
Q

What controls the vasoconstriction to the brain?

A

Only the intrinsic can

22
Q

What receptor constricts when epinephrine binds to it?

A

a-receptor constricts

b- receptor dilates

23
Q

What hormones cause vasoconstriction in the systemic vascular resistance? How does this affect BP?

A

Angiotensin II, antidiuretic hormone (ADH), Norepinephrine, epinephrine

Increases BP

24
Q

What is the hydrostatic pressure?

A

The pressure exerted on the walls of blood vessels

When flow is opposed by resistance

25
Q

How is pulse pressure determined?

A

Pulse pressure = systolic - diastolic

26
Q

How is mean arterial pressure determined?

A

MAP = diastolic + 1/3 pulse pressure

27
Q

What are the 3 intrinsic regulations that control MAP?

A

Cardiac output

Arteriolar radius

Blood volume (Venus return)

28
Q

What are the 2 extrinsic regulations that control MAP?

A

Neural -> baroreceptors (stretch) in carotid and aortic arch send signal to medulla to SNS or PSNS
-> chemoreceptors responds to pH, CO2, O2

Hormonal -> epinephrine increases HR,CO and MAP
-> renin-angiotensin increases vasoconstriction, venoconstriction and MAP
-> ANP to stop renin and lower MAP

Physio (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions