Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy: Human Locomotor Systems > Lecture 8.1 > Flashcards

Lecture 8.1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the structures found in the popliteal fossa?

A 
Sciatic nerve (splits to become tibial and common fibular nerve within the fossa)
popliteal artery
Popliteal vein
Sural nerve
small saphenous vein
popliteal lymph nodes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

which nerve gives off the communicating sural nerve branch?

A

common fibular nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the deepest structure of the popliteal fossa?

A

The popliteal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the superficial muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Gastrocnemeus and soleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What structures are present in posterior compartment of the leg?

A

muscles tibial nerve and posterior tibial vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What happens to the posterior tibial artery in the posterior compartment?

A

Posterior tibial artery gives off fibular artery (perforating branches to the lateral compartment)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where in the posterior compartment is the tibial nerve?

A

deep to soleus and superficial to tibialis posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How do posterior structures continue after the leg?

A

the tarsal tunnel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What causes posterior compartment syndrome in the leg?

A

Loss of elasticity of veins returning blood to the heart followed by inactivity causing pooling of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are complications that can result from posterior compartment syndrome?

A

deep vein thrombosis followed by pulmonary embolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Can shin splints occur posteriorly?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is significant about the plantaris muscle?

A

It has a separate tendon that joins with the gastrocnemius and soleus tendons.
It is absent in 7% and has a very long tendon (35-40cms!)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the significance of the soleus muscle?

A

It contains soleal sinuses and superficial veins go to deep veins through perforating veins that cross the soleus muscle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a potential cause of achilles tendinitis?

A

Running suddenly without a warm up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the roles of the soleus and gastrocnemius in maintaining upright posture?

A

soleus contains slow twitch fibers and assists gastrocnemeus in maintainig upright posture while standing or walking.
Gastrocnemeus contains fast twitch fibers and is important in maintainign upright posture.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What nerve innervates posterior muscles?

A

tibial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the deep muscles of the posterior leg compartment?

A

popliteus
Tibialis Posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the proximal tarsal bones?

A

calcaneus

talus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the middle row tarsal bones?

A

navicular

cuboid

20
Q

What are the distal row tarsal bones?

A

cuneiforms

21
Q

Where are the sesamoid bones of the foot found?

A

Flexor hallucis brevis tendon

22
Q

What structures allow the foot to survive the tremendous forces acting on it?

A

Arches
tendons
plantar aponeurosis
ligaments

23
Q

What are the muscle and ligament attachments of the calcaneus on the plantar side?

A

Calcaneal tuberosity

Peroneal tubercle

24
Q

How many articular surfaces does the calcaneus have for the talus?

A

3

25
Q

What structures are found in the sinus tarsi?

A

Vascular sling

26
Q

What are the blood vessels that supply the talus?

A

Anteriorly: Dorsalis pedis
Posteriorly: posterior tibial and fibular arteries

27
Q

What does the head of the talus articulate with?

A

The navicular

28
Q

What sulci form the tarsal sinus?

A

The calcaneal and talo sulci

29
Q

What can be said about the blood supply to the talus?

A

It is poor particularly to the posterior tubercle. (fracture is similar to scaphoid fracture)

30
Q

What could happen to posterior tubercle of talus if blood supply was occluded?

A

avascular necrosis

31
Q

What is the name of the structure within the talus that articulates with the malleolar mortise?

A

the trochlear surface

32
Q

What muscle attaches to navicular’s tuberosity?

A

Tibialis posterior

33
Q

What attaches to cuboid’s tuberosity?

A

fibularis longus

34
Q

What is a tarsal coalition?

A

Tarsal bones fuse together

35
Q

What is a pott’s fracture?

A

A pott’s fracture is a fracture of the medial and lateral malleoli. It is caused by a laterally rolled ankle being hit from the lateral side

36
Q

Which metatarsals are most commonly injured?

A

2nd and 5th

37
Q

What are the origin and insertion of Abductor Hallucis brevis?

A

origin:medial tubercle of calcaneum; flexor retinaculum
Insertion: medial side, base of proximal phalanx of big toe

38
Q

What is the origin and insertion of flexor digitorum brevis?

A

origin: medial tubercle of calcaneum
Insertion: middle phalanx of four lateral toes

39
Q

What is the origin and insertion of abuctor digiti minimi?

A

origin:medial & lateral tubercles of calcaneum
Insertion:lateral side base of proximal phalanx 5th toe

40
Q

What is the origin and insertion of quadratus plantae?

A

origin:medial and lateral sides of calcaneum
Insertion: tendons flexor digitorum longus

41
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the lumbricals?

A

origin: tendons of flexor digitorum longus
Insertion: dorsal extensor expansion of lateral four toes

42
Q

What structures are present with the second layer of muscles? Which muscles are in the second layer?

A

Second layer contains the lumbricals and quadratus plantae.

FDL and FHL tendons.

43
Q

What is the origin and insertion of flexor hallucis brevis?

A

origin:cuboid, lateral cuneiform bones; tibialis posterior insertion
Insertion:medial & lateral sides of base of proximal phalanx of big toe

44
Q

What is the origin and insertion of adductor hallucis?

A

origin: bases of 2nd, 3rd & 4th metatarsal bones
Insertion:lateral side base of proximal phalanx big toe

45
Q

What is the origin and insertion of flexor digiti minimi

A

origin:base of 5th metatarsal bone
Insertion: lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe

46
Q

What muscles are present on the dorsal side of the foot?

A

Interossei muscles
Extensor digitorum brevis
Extensor hallucis brevis

47
Q

Deficiencies in which muscles cause claw toes?

A

fibularis longus
lumbricals
flexor digitorum longus

Anatomy: Human Locomotor Systems (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions