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Anatomy: Human Locomotor Systems > Lecture 6.3 > Flashcards

Lecture 6.3 Flashcards

1
Q

What bones interact at the radiocarpal joint?

A

Proximal row and the radius make contact at the scaphoid + lunate + triquietrum and the styloid process..

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2
Q

What is the midcarpal joint?

A

Midcarpal joint is a functional joint between proximal and distal row.

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3
Q

What are intercarpal joints?

A

Intercarpal joints is between capral bones

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4
Q

What kind of joint is the wrist joint?

A

A condyloid joint. (reciprocal concave/conves joint)

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5
Q

What are the motions associated with the hand in the coronal plane?

A

Ulnar and radial deviation at the radiocarpal joint.

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6
Q

What are the ligaments of the wrist joint?

A

Medial and lateral collateral ligaments

Palmar and dorsal radiocarpal ligaments

palmar and dorsal radioulnar ligaments

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7
Q

Why is ulnar deviation more prominent than radial deviation?

A

At distal radioulnar joint radius projects more distally and has a concavity that causes ulnar deviation

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8
Q

How are the carpal bones held against the radius during ulnar deviation movements?

A

Sling like ligaments hold the carpal bones against the radius

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9
Q

What joint is the triangular disk distal to the ulnar a part of?

A

Triangular disk is also part of the distal radioulnar joint.

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10
Q

What is the blood supply for the wrist joints?

A

Branches of the palmar and dorsal palmar arches.

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11
Q

What is the anterior interosseus nerve a branch of?

A

median nerve

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12
Q

What is the posterior interosseus nerve a branch of?

A

Radial nerve

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13
Q

What nerves supply the carpal bones?

A

Anterior interosseus nerve

Posterior interosseus nerve

Deep branch of ulnar nerve

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14
Q

What are the ligaments of the intercarpal joints?

A

Interosseus ligaments

Anterior ligaments

Posterior ligaments

(palmar and dorsal arches = blood supply, interosseus arches with deep branch of the ulnar nerve = nerve supply)

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15
Q

What kind of orientation does the articular capsule have around the carpal bones?

A

One big joint capsule covers all carpal bones.

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16
Q

How often are carpal bones fractured?

A

Carpal bones rarely fractured (except for scaphoid fracture)

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17
Q

What type of joint is the midcarpal joint? What is the shape of the joint?

A

midcarpal joint is a condyloid joint and is a concave convex joint.

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18
Q

What has a greater deviation at the midcarpal joint?

A

Radial deviation

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19
Q

What are the non-wrist joints of the hand?

A

Carpometacarpal (CMC)

Intermetacarpal (IMC;laterally)

Metacarpophalangeal (MCP)

Interphalangeal (IP)

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20
Q

What type of joints are all carpometacarpal and intermetacarpal joints?

A

Synovial

21
Q

What type of joint can be found between trapezium and first metacarpal?

A

Synovial, Saddle joint

22
Q

Relative to what finger do actions of the hand happen? What can be said about its mobility?

A

Actions in the hand happen relative to the middle finger. This bone is immobile as well as second metacarpal..

23
Q

What kind of movements can happen at IMC joints?

A

gliding movements

24
Q

What ligaments stabilize the CMC and IMC joints?

A

CMC, IMC

Interosseus ligaments

Collateral ligaments (CMC)

25
Q

What ligaments stabilize the MCP and IP joints?

A

Collateral ligaments

Palmar (Volar) plate

Dorsal plate

26
Q

What type of joints are MCP joints?

A

Condyloid joints

27
Q

What type of joints are IP joints?

A

hinge joints

28
Q

How are the medial 4 fingers held together?

A

Metacarpals are connected by the deep transverse metacarpal ligament to hold the medial 4 fingers together.

29
Q

What is the function of the volar plates?

A

Volar plates hold the tendons within the fingers.

30
Q

Where are volar plates found?

A

At the MCP and IP joints

31
Q

How do volar plates create modified hinge joints at the fingers?

A

Volar plates give more surface area for lumbrical attachment to allow some rotation at the MCP and IP joints creating a modified hinge joint

32
Q

What is skier’s thumb?

A

Skier’s thumb occurs when the thumb is forced into extension and abduction causing rupture of medial collateral ligament.

33
Q

What is a possible problem associated with skier’s thumb?

A

Adductor pollicis longus tendon can get pinched in the joint of the thumb.

34
Q

What results from damaged palmar volar plates?

A

Swan neck deformity results due to tendon drifting off to the side causing hyperextension. And as a result the distal phallanx is flexed.

35
Q

What results from dorsal volar plate rupture?

A

Dorsal volar plate rupture causes boutonniere deformity.

36
Q

What can occur from a ruptured extensor expansion in the finger?

A

extensor expansion rupture causes ‘mallet’ finger resulting in flexion of distal IP joint.

37
Q

What does the common flexor sheath enclose?

A

Common flexor sheath encloses FDS and FDP tendons.

38
Q

What bursa does FDL go through?

A

FPL goes through radial bursa

39
Q

What structures in the palmar aspect of the hand are not enclosed in synovial sheaths?

A

The lumbricals

40
Q

What is the function of the digital synovial sheaths?

A

Digital synovial sheaths enclose tendons and encover tendons in synovial fluid making movements smoother and providing nutrition to the tendons.

41
Q

What is the function of the fibrous covering of the digital synovial sheaths?

A

fibrous covering holds the digital synovial sheaths in place

42
Q

What are the fibres that hold the sheaths in place?

A

Annular fibres

Cruciform fibers

43
Q

Where are the volar plates found relative to the fibrous flexor sheaths?

A

Deep to the fibrous flexor sheaths is the volar plates and the bones.

44
Q

What is the clinical significance of the communication between the pinkie’s digital sheath and the ulnar bursa?

A

Spread of infection from the pinkie to the ulnar bursa and vice versa

45
Q

What structures can get inflamed in the fingers?

A

Tendons, synovial sheaths, and fibrous sheaths.

46
Q

What causes tenovaginitis?

A

The fibrous sheath covering the synovial sheaths can get inflamed and this is known as tenovaginitis.

47
Q

What is Tinel’s test?

A

Skin is pinched at ulnar and radial side to see which nerve is damaged.

48
Q

What causes hand of benediction?

A

injury or compression at proximal part of the median nerve.

Anatomy: Human Locomotor Systems (28 decks)

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