Lecture 10.3 Flashcards
What are the main imaging modalities used for visualising the knee?
Radiography (x-ray)
MRI
What is an MRI good for visualizing?
Soft tissue like: Marrow Menisci Tendons ligaments
What does fluid look like in T2 imaging? What about bones and muscles?
What does fluid and fat look like in T1 imaging?
In T2 imaging fluid and fat is bright; bone is dark and muscle and spinal cord are less dark
fluid is dark and fat is bright in T1 imaging
What is a segond fracture?
An avulsion fracture from the lateral margin of the lateral tibial plateau. this fracture is commonly associated with meniscal and acl tear.
What does osteoarthritis look like on an MRI?
narrow joint space misaligned knee (varus/valgus deformity)
What is osteochondritis dessicans?
a cartilage pathology. cartilage breaks off and is suspended in the knee joint.
What is the function of menisci?
Menisci deepen joint space and guide knee during flexion + extension via the hinge effect
What do menisci look like in the knee joint?
Like a bow tie
What happens during a bucket handle tear?
Meniscus piece often flips within the socket near the meniscus it broke off.
Are menisci vascular?
No they derive their nutrition from the synovial fluid
What is different about ACL injuries in children?
In children the ACL typically causes bone avulsion.
What are the injured structures in the terrible triad?
ACL
MCL
Medial meniscus
