Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy: Human Locomotor Systems > Lecture 6.2 > Flashcards

Lecture 6.2 Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of joint is the elbow joint?

A

Compound, hinge joint; elbow and proximal radioulnar joint in the same capsule..

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Does the elbow joint have an articular disk/meniscus?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the blood supply of the elbow joint?

A

Branches of the brachial artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the nerve supply of the elbow joint?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

Radial nerve

Ulnar nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the main stabilizing ligaments of the elbow joint?

A

Radial collateral ligament

Ulnar collateral ligament:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where does the ulnar collateral ligament originate and insert?

A

Goes from medial epicondyle and produces 3 bands:

Anterior: inserts onto coranoid process

Posterior: olecranon process of ulna

Oblique: coranoid and olecranon process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where does the radial collateral ligament insert?

A

Radial collateral ligament blends with the annular ligament.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of deviation does the forearm have?

A

Distal end of forearm deviates laterally compared to the proximal end. (valgus deviation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why is the ulnar collateral ligament the main stabilizing ligament of the elbow joint?

A

The ulnar collateral ligament prevents excessive valgus deviation.

*If varus deviation was the deviation of the forearm the ligaments there would have been the main stabilizing ligaments.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What can be found in the fossae of the olecranon, coranoid, and radial fossae to cushion the entry of their processes?

A

Olecranon, radial, and coranoid processes have fat pads.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where can the olecranon bursa be found? What is its function?

A

olecranon bursa is between the skin and olecranon process this prevents excessive friction at that region.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which muscles articulate during flexion at the elbow joint?

A

Flexion occurs mostly between humerus and the ulna.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When does the radius contact the humerus during flexion?

A

Radius contacts humerus only at closely packed position.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the closely packed position of the radius during flexion?

A

90 degrees flexion and midway between pronation and supination.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why is there a valgus angle during extension?

A

The trochlear is angled obliquely.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the carrying angle? Is it greater in males or females?

A

Carrying angle is formed between shaft of the humerus and the ulnar. This angle is greater in females than in males (in females >15 degrees, in males it is between 10 -15 degrees).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Is carrying angle greater in adults or children?

A

adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the function of the anconeus?

A

anconeus pulls skin out of the way during tricep extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What articulates in the proximal and distal radioulnar joints?

A

Proximal radioulnar joint is between radial notch of the ulna and the radial head.

Distal radioulnar joint is between ulnar notch and the ulnar head.

20
Q

What type of joint is the radioulnar joint?

A

pivot joint

21
Q

What is the motion that takes place at the radioulnar joints?

A

pronation and supination

22
Q

How are the fibers of the interosseus membrane arranged?

A

Interosseus membrane fibers are oriented obliquely and this directs the force obliquely.

23
Q

How much of the force transmitted from ulnar to the radius proximally and distally?

A

proximally only 20% of force is transmitted to radius.

Distally 80% is transferred to radius,

24
Q

What is a likely consequence of fracture at one end of the radius or the ulna?

A

Fracture at one end may lead to dislocation at the other end.

25
Q

What is a sacciform recess?

A

Capsule is lax inferiorly at the neck of the radius which forms the sacciform recess allowing smooth movement of radius against ulna.

26
Q

What ligaments stabilize the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

The annular ligament

The quadrate ligament (goes inferiorly and inserts onto the neck of the radius)

Interosseus membrane

27
Q

What is a pivot joint?

A

Pivot joint is where a joint moves within a ring against another ring.

28
Q

What is the ring in the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

The annular ligament.

29
Q

What is the main nerve supply of the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

Median nerve

Musculocutaneous nerve

Radial nerve

30
Q

What is the blood supply of the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

Deep radial and radial artery branches.

31
Q

What kind of joint is the distal radioulnar joint?

A

pivot joint; synovial

32
Q

What ligaments reinforce the distal radioulnar joint?

A

Anterior and posterior radioulnar ligaments

interosseus membrane

33
Q

What is the nerve supply of the distal radioulnar joint?

A

Median interosseus nerve

Radial interosseus nerve

34
Q

What is the blood supply of the distal radiounar joint?

A

Anterior interosseus artery

Posterior interosseus artery.

35
Q

What is the most stable position for the distal radioulnar joint?

A

Midprone postion

36
Q

How is rotation different at the proximal and distal radioulnar joints?

A

distally radius moves completely anteriorly to ulnar.

Proximally radial rotation is limited by capitulum and the annular ligament.

37
Q

What are the origin and insertion of the pronator teres?

A

Origin the medial epicondyle

Insertion the shaft of the radius.

38
Q

What are the origin and insertion of the pronator quadratus?

A

from shaft of radius to shaft of ulna.

39
Q

What muscles assist in pronation?

A

FCR

PL

Brachioradialis (when forearm is midprone)

40
Q

What muscles assist in supination?

A

Extensor pollicis longus

Extensor carpi radialis longus

41
Q

What is another function of supinator?

A

supinator also is pierced by the radial nerve

42
Q

What can happen to proximal radioulnar joint when falling on a flexed elbow? What age groups are more likely to get this injury?

A

dislocation (more common in children due to lax ligament)

43
Q

What happens during a dislocation of the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

Radial head gets displaced -> muscle pulls radial head superiorly after it leaves the annular ligament.

44
Q

How is a dislocation of the proximal radioulnar joint reduced?

A

While in flexion:

Supinate forearm -> Push proximally

45
Q

What are some things that can go wrong with the H-U and R-U joints?

A

olecranon bursa can get inflamed.

Epicondylitis can occur depending on which is overused. (flexor compartment uses medial epicondyle and extensor compartment uses lateral epicondyle)

46
Q

What structures can be affected by an avulsion fracture in the H-U and R-U joints?

A

Avulsion fractures can affect:

medial epicondyle
olecranon process
coranoid process
styoloid process

47
Q

What is the resultant condition from a supracondylar fracture?

A

Volkmann’s ischaemic contracture (thinning of forearm muscles causing contracture)

Anatomy: Human Locomotor Systems (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions