Lecture 7.3 Flashcards
What muscles attach to linea aspera?
Gluteus maximus (part of it)
Vastus medialis and lateralis from medial and lateral lip respectively.
Short head of biceps femoris
Where do cruciate ligaments originate from?
Tubercles of the intercondylar eminence
Where does the patellar ligament insert onto the tibia?
The tibial tuberosity
What is the malleolar mortis?
The socket formed by the lateral and medial malleolus to articulate with talus.
Why are there depressions in the lateral malleolus?
The tendons of the fibularis longus and brevis pit in these depressions.
Which side of the tibia do muscle attachments typically occur on?
The lateral side
Why is the lateral facet of the patella larger than the medial facet?
Because lateral condyle of femur is longer proximally on the lateral side.
What structure is endangered in a boot top fracture?
The deep fibular nerve
Why do the tibia and fibula break at the distal 1/3 more often than anywhere else?
The blood supply is poor and bone is narrowest.
What structure is endangered in proximal tibiofibular fractures?
common fibular nerve
Which compartment/s is/are involved in inversion?
the muscles of the anterior compartment and posterior compartment
What are the symptoms of compartment syndrome?
Pain (on exertion)
Pale
Pulse-less
parasthesia
What are crural fascia?
Deep fascia of the leg
What are the characteristics of crural fascia?
Thick
continuous with fascia lata, periosteum of tibia, intermuscular septa, and ankle retinaculae
How many ankle retinacula are there?
5; 1 flexor, 2 extensor, 2 fibular
What are the functions of the ankle retinaculae?
They bind tendons and create tarsal tunnels.
Where does the superior extensor retinaculum extend from?
medial to lateral malleolus
Where does the flexor retinaculum of the lower limb extend from?
From medial malleolus to the calcaneus
Where does the inferior extensor retinaculum span from?
Medial malleolus superiorly and talus +calcaneus inferiorly
It meets with the evertor retinaculum
Where do the fibular retinacula originate and insert?
superior fibular retinaculum: lateral malleolus to lateral surface of calcaneus.
Inferior retinaculum from the cruciate crural ligament to the lateral calcaneus.
What muscles are present in the lateral compartment?
fibularis longus and brevis
What condition results from compression of the common fibular nerve? Why?
Foot drop. Compression results in weakness in everters and dorsiflexors
What paths do each branch of the common fibular nerve take?
Superficial fibular nerve supplies muscles then skin of distal leg and dorsum of foot.
Deep fibular nerve supplies anterior compartment.
Where do fibularis longus and brevis attach to foot?
Plantar surface; longus attaches to 5th metatarsal (maintaining arch) and brevis attaches to 1st metatarsal
How does tibialis anterior assist inversion?
it attaches to first metatarsal which is medial to the talocrural joint
What are the muscles of the anterior compartment?
Tibialis Anterior, Extensor Hallucis Longus, Extensor Digitorum Longus, Fibularis Tertius
