Lecture 8: motor system Flashcards
what does the motor cortex control and how?
controls contralateral muscles via descending spinal tracts
somatotopic mapping
what does the premotor cortex control and how?
rostral (anterior) to MC involved in planning/intention of movement projects to MC, to brainstem motor centres and to spinal cord
what does the basal ganglia control and how?
promotes or inhibits appropriate muscles (indirectly) facilitating effective and ordered movement
what does the cerebellum control and how?
smooth, precise movement motor learning (compares intended with actual and instructs MC)
what does the primary motor cortex do?
Initiates voluntary movement/motor control
Direct control of lower motor neurones in spinal cord
what do brain stem motor areas control?
Control postural muscles appropriately in support of motor cortex instructions
what type of movement goes through the medial spinal cord?
posture/balance
what type of movement goes through the lateral spinal cord?
skilled movement
what muscles are involved with medial spinal cord?
Axial & proximal limb muscles
what muscles are involved with lateral spinal cord?
Distal limb muscles
where are upper motor neurones located?
cereal cortex and brain stem
where are lower motor neurones found?
medial and lateral ventral horns
what does the cerebellum compare?
compares commands from motor cortex (intended movement) with sensory information (actual performance)
what does Huntington’s disease resort form?
oss of effective influence of indirect pathway resulting in chorea – uncontrolled movements
what does PD cause?
Muscle rigidity, tremor
Bradykinesia
