Lecture 4: Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
How does the automatic nervous system regulate?
automatically
what are the 2 divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
what does the sympathetic nervous system do?
Prepares for fight or flight - speeds up heart rate
what does the parasympathetic nervous system do?
it is discrete ad restorative - los down heart rate , promotes digestion
which two systems are only sympathetic?
skin(sweating) Adrenal Gland (increase and decrease the secretin of catecholamines)
what are catecholamines ?
Hormones produced by the adrenal gland
what is the sympathetic effect to the eye ?
pupillary dilation
what is the sympathetic effect to the salivary glands ?
Vasoconstriction
what is the sympathetic effect to the heart?
increase in heart rate
forced contraction
what is the parasympathetic effect to the heart ?
decrease in heart rate
what is the sympathetic effect to the blood vessels?
Constriction except in skeletal muscle and facial veins
what is the parasympathetic effect to blood vessels?
Dilatation
what is the sympathetic effect to the lungs?
Bronchial dilatation
what is the parasympathetic effect to the lungs?
Bronchial constriction and mucus secretion
what is the parasympathetic effect to GI tract?
increase in motility and secretion
what is the sympathetic effect to the GI tract?
decrease in motility and secretion
what is the parasympathetic effect to the eye?
pupillary constriction
what is the parasympathetic effect to the salivary glands?
Vasodilatation
what does the ANS do?
regulates bodily functions
what are the two cholinergic receptors?
nicotinic and muscarinic
what does a nicotinic receptor allow ?
cations to pass into the cell.
= positive charge
(excitation)
- fast response
where is nicotinic found?
ANS and SNS
what blocks nicotinic receptors?
currare (plant poison)
what does a muscarinic receptor do?
produced second messengers which control ion channels leading to change in the membrane potential.
what blocks muscarinic receptors?
Atropine
what is faster muscarinic receptor or nicotinic ? which has a longer delay?
nicotinic
muscarinic is slow and has longer delay
how does the SNS work?
- accuse stressor
- Amygdala: sensory link to emotion. sends distres signal to
- hypothalamus (stressful ) base of brain
- fight of flight
- adrenaline and noradrenalin cause physiological reactions
How does the ANS control heart rate?
- SNS releases hormones which accelerated the heart rate
2. PNS releases hormones to slow done the heart rate
which hormones speed up heart rate?
epinephrine and norepinephrine
which hormones slow done heart rate ?
acetylcholine
what happens to heart rate during exercise?
PNS not used, hr increases, SNS kick sin, hr increases more
how does long term exercise effect the heart?
heart size increases and resting heart rate decreases
