Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

1st Year: Physiology and Anatomy > Lecture 16: Digestive system two > Flashcards

Lecture 16: Digestive system two Flashcards

1
Q

what is the mechanical digestion for food called?

A

Mastication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

whats the function of saliva?

A

lubricate food
amylase”digests starch and glycogen
dissolves molecules for taste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how is food propelled to the pharynx?

A

propelled by the tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how is the enamel of teeth made?

A

by ameloblasts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how is dentin for teeth made?

A

odontoblasts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what does the Pulp cavity contain?

A

blood vessels and nerve endings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

is the tongue a skeletal muscle?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

whats the scientific term for taste buds?

A

papillae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what glands does the tongue have?

A

lingual glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what another term for pharynx ?

A

throat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the pharynx used for?

A

air fluid and food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how’s does food enter the pharynx ?

A

via the esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the esophagus?

A

Muscular tube from pharynx to stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How many sphincters does the oesophagus have?

A

two
Upper esophageal sphincter
Lower esophageal sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

where is the Upper esophageal sphincter

located?

A

Between pharynx and esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

where is the lower esophageal sphincter

located?

A

Between esophagus and stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what does the lower esophageal sphincter do?

A

Prevents the acidic content of the stomach from entering the esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are the three stages of swallowing?

A
  1. Oral preparatory phase
  2. Pharyngeal phase
  3. Oesophageal phase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the Oral preparatory phase?

A

Chewing, saliva, food formed into bolus by tongue, soft palate closes to prevent nasal aspiration (voluntary control)

20
Q

what is the Pharyngeal phase?

A

bolus moved by peristalsis (involuntary), epiglottis blocks trachea

21
Q

what is the Oesophageal phase?

A

peristalsis waves move bolus, lower esophageal sphincter relaxes to allow bolus into stomach

22
Q

what are the three regions of the stomach?

A

fundus, body, antrum

23
Q

what is the funds of the stomach?

A

Thin wall that easily expands

24
Q

what is the body of the stomach?

A

Gastric mucosa folds in Rugae

25
Q

what is the antrum of the stomach?

A

Thickest muscle, produces contractions responsible for gastric mixing and emptying

26
Q

what does the Pyloric sphincter do?

A

regulates the passage of chyme to duodenum

27
Q

what are the functions of the stomach?

A 
store food
mechanical digestion 
chemical digestion 
secretion of muscus
Passage of chyme to small intestine
Secretion of intrinsic factor
28
Q

How much food can the stomach hold?

A

4L

29
Q

what secretes gastric juice?

A

stomach

30
Q

what are the components of gastric juice?

A
  • Mucus
    • HCl
    • Pepsinogen
    • Intrinsic factor
  • Gastric lipase
31
Q

Ho long and wide is the small intestine?

A

4m long and 2.5cm diameter

32
Q

what are the sub divisions of the SI?

A

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

33
Q

where is the duodenum located?

A

it is attached to the stomach, and curves around the head of the pancreas

34
Q

where is the jejunum located?

A

Attached anteriorly to the duodenum

35
Q

where is the ileum located?

A

Extends from jejunum to large intestine

Meets the large intestine at the ileocecal valve

36
Q

whats the functions of the small intestines?

A

motility
secretion of alkaline msucus
major site of digestion
major site of absorption

37
Q

what is motility?

A

Segmentation and Peristalsis

38
Q

what increases the SA of the wall of the small intestine?

A

Circular folds, villi, microvilli

39
Q

what are brush border enzymes?

A

Disaccharidases (maltase, sucrase, lactase)
Peptidases (Enteropeptidase- activates trypsinogen)
Phosphatases

40
Q

what are the sections of the large intestines?

A 
Cecum
Appendix
Colon
rectum
anal canal
41
Q

whats the size of the large intestine?

A

1.3m long, 6.3cm diameter

42
Q

what does the colon empty into?

A

rectum

43
Q

where is faces excreted from?

A

anus

44
Q

what type of muscle does the internal anal sphincter have?

A

smooth msucle

45
Q

what type of muscle does the external anal sphincter have?

A

skeletal muscle

46
Q

whats the function of the large intestine?

A 
Water absorption 
Electrolyte absorption
waves and mass movements
Mucus secretion
Synthesis of B12 and K
Reservoir of undigested material prior to elimination
47
Q

what does intestinal bacteria do in the large intestine?

A

perform fermentation reactions that produce short chain fatty acids and flatus.

1st Year: Physiology and Anatomy (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions