Lecture 8: Mood Disorders Part 2 Flashcards
Treatment interventions for mood disorders (4)
- Behavioral interventions
- Cognitive internventions
- Psychopharmacological interventions
- Insight-oriented interventions
Behavioral interventions for mood disorders
Operant conditioning!!
Operant conditioning
Associative learning in which organisms behavior elicits either reinforcement/punishment from their environment
What do reinforcements do to the likelihood of similar future behavior?
Increases them!
What do punishments do to the likelihood of similar future behavior?
Decreases them
Respondent conditioning uses organisms _______ to create associations between stimuli
Observations
Operant conditioning uses organisms _______ to create associations between stimuli
Actions! - goal directed behavior
Positive reinforcements
Increases likelihood of similar future behavior by ADDING SOMETHING GRATIFYING
Negative reinforcements
Increase the likelihood of similar future behavior by subtracting something aversive
Positive punishments
Decrease the likelihood of similar future behavior by adding something aversive
Negative punishments
Decrease the likelihood of similar future behavior by subtracting something gratifying
By helping clients change patterns of rewards/punishments behavioral therapists helps clients with depression by: (3)
1) Up-regulate their reward system
2) Increase positive emotion
3) Increase positive mood
Operant conditioning (particularly positive reinforcement) is used in (2)
1) Applied behavioral analysis w/ children with behavioral problems
2) behavioral activation therapy with people with depression
Cognitive interventions for mood disorders
Cognitive therapy
Cognitive therapy
A family of therapeutic methods that aims to identify and modify maladaptive cognitions eg.
- Thoughts
- beliefs
- Categorizations
- reasoning
- problem-solving Spragues
Cognitive treatment for depression helps a person to (3)
1) become aware of maladaptive cognitive
2) challenge maladaptive cognitions
3) replace them with more adaptive cognitions
Some maladaptive cognitions are often called:
Cognitive distortions
What are some types of cognitive distortions? (8)
1) black and white thinking
2) jumping to conclusion
3) personalization
4) overgeneralization
5) magnification of negative events
6) minimization of positive events
7) catastrophizing
8) imperatives
Black and white thinking
Thinking where the world is divided into good and bad and no greys
Personalization
Thinking that the universe is out to get them after a series of misfortunes
Cognitive therapy helps clients to identify/modify ______ ______ and replaces them with more accurate and useful ______
Maladaptive cognitions
Cognitions
Pharmacological therapy for Depressive disorders (3)
1) SSRI
2) SNRI
3) Tricyclic antidepressants
Pharmacological therapy for Bipolar disorder (2)
1) Mood stabilizers
2) Antipsychotics
Insight oriented therapy for mood disorders addresses mental help problems by helping to: (4)
1) identify contributing factors to mental health problems
2) facilitate awareness of previously unconscious thoughts/beliefs/emotions
3) facilitate insight about factors contributing to person’s mental health problems
4) facilitate change on basis of awareness/insight
Insight oriented therapy often focuses on: (2)
1) client’s interpersonal relationships
2) client’s personality
Client’s interpersonal relationships include: (4)
1) client’s current relationships
2) client’s past relationships
3) client’s relationships with family
4) client’s relationship with therapist
Client’s personality includes: (4)
- Personality style - temperament/character
- Defense mechanisms
- How client’s personality may contribute to mental health problems
4) how client’s personality may contribute to life problems
Temperament
Innate dispositions towards specific behaviors eg. Level of optimal stimulation, interest in persons vs things
Character
Acquired dispositions toward specific behaviors eg. Internalization of cultural norms, social norms, moral norms
