Lecture 8: Leadership Flashcards
Leadership
The process of influencing others to understand and agree about what needs to be done and how to do it, and the process of facilitating individual and collective efforts to accomplish shared objectives
Meta-correlations between leadership traits and leadership effectiveness
- r=.28 for The Big Five
- only 22% is explained by leadership traits
- r=.15/.27 for intelligence
–> It is partly true that leaders are born
Assertiveness and leadership
- People who score moderate on assertiveness have the best traits to be a good leader
Meta correlation between gender and leader effectiveness
- Men and women do not differ in perceived leadership effectiveness
- Women are rated more effective than men, when rated by others
- Men rate themselves more effective than women rate themselves
Key point about leadership
Leadership effectiveness depends on the proper match between the leader’s style and the organizational situation
Task-oriented leaders
- Focus on getting things done
- Are concerned with productivity and efficiency
- Have goals en to-do lists
People-oriented leaders
- Focus on the needs of the people
- Work on developing interpersonal relationships and keeping people happy
Fiedler Model
Organizational situation depends on 3 dimensions:
1) Leader-member relations
2) Task structure
3) Position Power
Situational leadership theory
Adapt leadership style to followers’ readiness, the extent to which followers are willing and able to accomplish a specific task
Leadership styles
- Transformational
- Relation-oriented
- Task-oriented
- Destructive
Transformational leadership
- Charisma –> members are proud of their leader
- Motivation –> leader sets high expectations and focus on why it is important
- Intellectual stimulation –> leader expects the members to be critical thinkers
- Individualized consideration –> leader acts as a mentor
Relation-oriented leadership
- Respected and has support toward subordinates
- Concern for subordinates problems
- Participative leadership–> asks his followers about their opinion
- Conflict-solving abilities
Task-oriented leadership
- Achievement of group goals
- Well-defined assignment of tasks to subordinates
- Focus on production and deadlines
- Clarification of work tasks
Destructive leadership
- Sustained display of hostile verbal and non-verbal behaviors
- Aggressiveness toward subordinates
Meta analysis Leadership (Montano et al.)
- Transformational, relationship-oriented and task-oriented leadership (constructive leadership styles) supports positive mental health
- Desctructive leadership supports bad mental health
