Lecture 8: Food Safety Programs & Regulatory Authorities (Exam 2) Flashcards
What stimulated passage of the Meat Inspection act of 1906
The jungle by Upton sinclair
Who are the food safety actors
- Federal agencies
- Food industry sectors (Growers, processors, & preparers)
- State & local gov
- Consumers
What agency deals with meat, poultry, & frozen/dried/liquid eggs
The USDA FSIS
What agency deals with everything else
FDA CFSAN
What agency deals w/ pesticides
EPA OPPTS
What agency deals w/ foodborne infections
CDC
How much does the US spend annually on food safety regulation
Over $1 billion
What does the CDC do
- Disease surveillance
- Outbreak investigation
- Analyze trends & policies
- Attribution to source facilities
- Education & training
- Info for policies
T/F: The CDC is a non regulatory institution while the FDA, USDA, & EPA are regulatory institutions
True
What does the FDA, USDA, & EPA do
- Inspection
- Enforcement
- Investigating farms & production
- Product recalls
- Product traceback
- Risk assessment
What is the primary food regulatory agency w/in the USDA for both domestic & foreign
USDA-FSIS
What does USDA-FSIS have regulatory authority over
- Processed egg products (except fresh shell eggs)
- Raw meat & poultry
- Slaughter operations for interstate shipment
- Ensures that meat importers meet US Standards
What does USDA-APHIS do
- Production & transportation pre-slaughter
- Border inspection & quarantine
- Vet services (chief vet officers & national animal disease surveillance)
- Animal care
- International services
What is the diff btw/ APHIS & FSIS
- FSIS: meat, poultry, & processed egg products
- APHIS: USDA animal plant health inspection services & live animal health and welfare, import, export, & disasters
What is the primary food regulatory agency w/in the DHHS that regulates all food sold interstate except processed eggs, meat, & poultry
FDA
What does the FDA have regulatory authority over
- Implements HACCP
- Shell eggs
- Bottled water
- Wine w/ less than 7% alcohol
- Pet & livestock foods
- Vet drugs
- Infant formulas
- Dietary supplements
- Adulteration & misbranding of foods, drugs, cosmetics
What are the hot topics for the FDA-center for vet me
- Melamine
- Imported jerky treats
- Trifexis (700 dog deaths reported)
- Compounding
- Antimicrobial use in food
What roles do vets play in the FDA-CVM
- Vet medical officers
- Policy analysts
- Epidemiologists
- Admin roles like team lead & director
What are the 4 rolls of the CDC
- Nationwide disease surveillance
- Investigates foodborne disease outbreaks
- Reasearch & education re foodborne illness
- Enforcement authority for cruise ship sanitation
Describe the EPA
- Regulatory authority for pesticides & toxins
- Determines safety of new products
- Sets tolerance levels for pesticide residues in foods
- Prevents toxic substances from entering food chain
- Est safe drinking water standards & assists state in the monitoring water quality
What is the FDA food safety modernization act (FSMA)
- Primary focus is on prevention not reaction
- Signed into law on 1/4/2011
- The public health imperative
- Attended to enhance the FDAs authority
- Grants FDA a # of new powers including mandatory recall authority which the agency has sought for many years
- Req the FDA to undertake more than a doze rulemakings & issue @ least 10 guidance documents
T/F: There has been a push for multi food agencies
False there has been a push for for a single food agency like w/ the single food safety act
What are the states oversights for food safety
- Intrastate commerce is jurisdiction of the indiv state
- Small slaughter plants
- Small food processing plants
- Milk products - cow-sharing, sales of non-pasteurized milk w/in the state, & california milk standard
What does HACCP stand for
Hazard Analysis & Critical Control Point
What is HACCP
- The systematic prevention of all types of health hazards @ selected points in the food production continuum
- In contrast to simply inspecting the finished product
- Defects are always possible w/ less than 100% testing
- Focuses on health hazards not product quality
- Science based system of food safety
- mandatory for seafood first in 1995
- Mandatory for meats like beef, pork, & poultry in 1996
What are the 7 principles of HACCP
- Conduct a hazard analysis
- Determine the critical control points
- Est critical limits
- Est monitoring procedures
- Est corrective actions
- Est verification procedures
- Est record-keeping & documentation procedures
What is the codex alimentarius (“food code”)
- Collection of standards, guidelines, & codes of practice adopted by the food code
- Est by FAO & WHO to protect consumer health & promote fair practices in food trade
- Codex standards ensure that food is safe & can be traded
- 188 members have negotiated science based recommendation in all areas related to food safety & quality
- Enhances consumer trust in the safety & quality of the food products they buy
- Importers can trust that the food they ordered will be in accordance w/ their specifications
Give an example of the codex committee on residues of vet drugs in foods (CCRVDF)
- US delegation w/ a federal delegate
- Interacts w/ US codex office
- Various groups part of delegation
- Attendance @ CCRVDF meetings
- Worldwide discussion on est of max residue levels of drugs used for food animals
- Wide variety of country opinons
