Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuro > Lecture 8 (cortex) > Flashcards

Lecture 8 (cortex) Flashcards

1
Q

Brodmann #: Primary motor cortex

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Primary motor cortex inputs and outputs

A

input:
- VA/VL thalamus
- premotor cortex
- somatosensory cortex
Output:
- corticopsinal path
- corticobulbar path
- corticopontocerebllar path

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how is the motor homunculus of primary motor cortex represented?

A

tongue to toe - inferior/lateral to superior/medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A lesion that causes overexcitement of neurons in the primary motor cortex leads to _____ _____ _____, also called _____ ______.

A

convulsive epileptic seizures

- Jacksonian seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

lesions to primary motor cortex

A

contralateral paresis or paralysis (mostly in extremities)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

stimulation of primary motor cortex leads to?

A
  • CONTRALATERAL isolated movements of the body and lower face
  • BILATERAL movements of eyes, upper face, tongue, jaw, and throat muscles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Brodman #: premotor cortex

A

6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

function of premotor cortex

A

motor planning - programs the activity of the primary motor cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

inputs and outputs of premotor cortex

A

input:

  • somatosensory cortex
  • VA/VL of thalamus
    output:
  • motor cortex
  • corticospinal tract
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Brodman #: supplementary motor cortex

A

6 (medial part)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

function of supplementary motor area

A
  • planning and coordination of well-learned SEQUENCES of movements
  • Bimanual Coordination
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

damage to what brain area makes it hard to learn sequences of movements

A

supplementary motor cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

when working on something with two hands, what part of the brain is most active

A

supplementary motor cortex (bimanual coordination)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

brodman #: Brocas areas

A

44, 45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what side of the brain is Brocas area important

A

left OR dominant side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

function of Brocas area

A

production of speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Brocas aphasia

A

expressive aphasia

  • difficulty with speech production
  • cant get all the words out (aware of defecits)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Brodmans #: frontal eye field

A

8 (mostly)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

the frontal eye field is directly connected to?

A

superior colliculus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

function of frontal eye field

A

controls voluntary scanning of eye movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

stimulation of frontal eye field

A

movements of both eyes to CONTRALATERAL side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

lesion to frontal eye field

A

both eyes deviate IPSILATERAL side (look toward the lesion) - cant look to contralateral side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Brodman #: prefrontal cortex

A

9, 10, 11, 12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

prefrontal cortex function (involved in?)

A
  • planning complex cognitive behaviours
  • expression of personality
  • appropriate social behaviour
  • personal drive/ self inhibition
25
Q

Brodmans area divide the cortex into distinct areas based on what?

A

physical differences in cell layers

26
Q

what are the two regions of the prefrontal cortex

A
  • orbitofrontal

- dorsal lateral

27
Q

In the past, a treatment for psychiatric conditions was?

this left patients with severe?

A

prefrontal leukotomy, which is a severing of the fibers connecting the prefrontal cortex to other parts of the brain. A more severe version was a prefrontal lobectomy
–> lobectomy left patients with severe changes in personality, and were often unable to function independently, lacking both initiative and self- inhibition.

28
Q

Brodman #: primary somatosensory cortex

A

1, 2, 3

29
Q

what is the organization of the sensory homunculus

A

tongue to toe - inferior to superior

30
Q

what do the homunculus represent? (motor and sensory)

A

bigger areas for parts of the body that either have/ need more motor control/ coordination or greater sensation

31
Q

Lesions in primary somatosensory cortex

A

in the inability to sense touch, pain, and temperature in the contralateral body

32
Q

primary somatosensory cortex input

A

VPL/VPM of thalamus

33
Q

secondary somatosensory cortex input

A
  • primary somatosensory cortex

- thalamus

34
Q

Brodmans #: parietal association cortex

A

5, 7

35
Q

function of somatosensory association cortex

A

integration of sensory information and stereognosis

36
Q

lesions to somatosensory association cortex can lead to

A

astereognosis: inability to recognize objects by touch

37
Q

Brodman #: primary visual cortex

A

17

38
Q

primary visual cortex recieves projections from ?

A

lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus

39
Q

lesions of V1 lead to hemianopsia

- what are the 3 types that result form lesions to V1?

A
  • contralateral homonymous hemianopsia: lose info from contralateral visual field (if lesion is superior and inferior of visual cortex)
  • inferior quadrantic hemianopsia
  • superior quadrantic hemianopsia
40
Q

damage to the upper right primary visual cortex will lead to the loss of ?
This is called?

A

lower left visual field

- left inferior quadrantic hemianopsia (named for the location of the visual field lost not the location of the lesion)

41
Q

input of secondary visual cortex

A

primary visual cortex and thalamus

42
Q

function of secondary visual cortex

A

analysis of movement, colour, and other properties of visual experience

43
Q

Brodman #: primary auditory cortex

A

41

44
Q

Brodman #: secondary auditory cortex

A

42

45
Q

primary auditory cortex recieves input from

A

medial geniculate nucleus of the thalamus via internal capsule

46
Q

bilateral lesion of primary auditory cortex

A 
cortical deafness (ears still work but brain not getting info) 
--> (has to be bilateral because info from both ears going to both sides of brain)
47
Q

secondary auditory cortex recieves info from?

A

primary auditory cortex and thalamus

48
Q

brodman #: auditory association cortex

A

22

49
Q

auditory association cortex input

A

primary and secondary auditory cortex

50
Q

auditory association cortex function

A 
sound interpretation (makes sense of what we are hearing) 
ex, knowing it is a phone that is ringing
51
Q

brodman #: wernickes area

A

22 and 39

52
Q

wernickes area function

A

understanding of written and spoken language

53
Q

wernickes area is larger in the _____ hemispheres, and is connected to brocas area via ?

A

dominant (usually left)

- arcuate fasciculus (need to understand what you are saying)

54
Q

what do commissural fibers do? name the 3

A
  • project to contralteral hemispheres
    1. corpus callosum
    2. anterior commissure
    3. posterior commissure
55
Q

what do association fibers do name 3

A
  • project within hemisphere
    1. superior longitudinal fasciculus
    2. unicate fasciculus
    3. arcuate fasciculus
56
Q

what do projection fibers do? name 2

A

project between subcortical structures and the cortex

  1. internal capsule
  2. corona radiata
57
Q

Superiorly, the internal capsule fans out to form the ____ _____, and inferiorly the fibers funnel down into the _____ _____

A

corona radiata

cerebral crus

58
Q

brodman #: visual association cortex

A

18, 19

Neuro (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions