Lecture 8 - Acid Base I

Question 1

Buffer?

Answer 1

minimises pH changes due to addition or removal of h+, pk is where HA = A

Question 2

Measured;calculated quantities?

Answer 2

pH, pCO2, pO2; bicarbonate, base excess

Question 3

Causes of metabolic acidosis??

Answer 3

increased production: lactic acidosis, diabetic ketoacidosis; decreased excretion: renal failure, renal tubular acidosis

Question 4

Respiratory compensation in metabolic acidosis?

Answer 4

low pH stimulates ventilation, lowering pCO2 - acidotic breathing

Question 5

Role of kidney in acid base balance?

Answer 5

bicarbonate reabsorption, new bicarbonate production, H+ secretion in distal nephron

Question 6

Acetazolamide?

Answer 6

carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, induces metabolic acidosis to counter respiratory alkolosis

Question 7

Kidney responses to acidosis?

Answer 7

increase HCO3 and H+ transport along nephron, increased ammoniagenesis, increase availability of urinary buffers