Lecture 22 -Childbirth

Question 1

Normal gestation time?

Answer 1

37-42 weeks

Question 2

Positions of fetus on cevix?

Answer 2

vephalic/vertex (95%), breech (4%), shoulder (1%)

Question 3

Hand examination checks for?

Answer 3

fetal lie, presentation, engagement

Question 4

Parts of obsteric observation?

Answer 4

observatioon (eyes), hands, ears (heart rate) and baby movements

Question 5

Childbirth starting point?

Answer 5

painful uterine contractions, coupled with effacement and dilatation of cervix

Question 6

First stage of labour?

Answer 6

cervix opens to full dilatation (10cm)

Question 7

Second stage of labour?

Answer 7

from full dilatation to delivery

Question 8

Third stage of labour?

Answer 8

from delivery of baby to delivery of placenta

Question 9

3 P’s factors of progress?

Answer 9

passenger (diameter of baby’s head), passage (dimension of pelvis), power (degree of force, expelling baby)

Question 10

Reference point of baby skull?

Answer 10

occiput

Question 11

Passenger components?

Answer 11

presenting part, position, attitude

Question 12

Power definition?

Answer 12

once labour is established, the uterus under the influence of oxytocin, contracts 45-60sec every 2-3 minutes with regular, painful contractions

Question 13

Contraction type and events?

Answer 13

Braxton-Hicks (irregular), prostaglandin production relaxes cervix, oxutocin released from PPG

Question 14

Abnormal Labour?

Answer 14

slow progress (<1cm/hr dilation), prolonged (>12 hour)

Question 15

Instrumental deliveries?

Answer 15

forceps (birth canal and palsy risk) & ventouse (more neonatal cephalhaematomas)