Lecture 8 Flashcards
binocular rivalry
we can only see one image at a time
the brain supresses the other
personality and binocular rivalry
more open people have less
are more open to visual info
cognitive style defintion
strategies and preferences for perceiving and understanding the world
cognitive contents defintion
substantative perceptions and understandings
Herman Witkins
research on WWII pilots
discovered field dependence
field independence
rely on internal frame of reference
creative and improvising
prefere to work alone
tests for field (in)dependence
rod and frame test
embedded figure test
field dependence
relying on external reference
conforming to rules
sensitive to others
problems with field(in)dependence
dependence can be due to low intelligence or low motivation
some people score high on both
dimensions, not types
structure of cognitive styles
perception - memory - thought
aspects of perception
pattern recognition
attention
dimensions of pattern recognition
analytic vs holistic
dimensions of attention
field independence vs dependence
aspects of memory
codes
organization
dimensions of codes
verbal vs visual
dimensions of organization
conceptual complexity
aspects of thought
classification
reasoning
dimensions of classification
serial vs holistic
dimensions of reasoning
tight vs loose
actuarial vs intuitive
do people have a fixed style?
no, there’s style mobility
intelligent people have more
George Kelly
cognitive contents
father of cognitive clinical psychology
construction collary
derived from past expereiences
range collar
every construct has its limits
modualtion collary
rigid vs flexible constructs
Aron Beck
extended Kelly’s theory
schemas and schema therapy
three control beliefs
locus of control
self-efficacy
mastery orientation
Kelly’s reportory grit
about client’s past experiences
put in matrix
client rates them
personal projects analysis
by Brian Littlee
client generates projects and goals
rates them on difficulty, enjoyment, compatibility and progress made
CAPS
cognitive affective personality system theory both nomothetic and ideographic profiles across situations if, then patterns by Walter Mischel
Emotional Ice Age
1920s to 1970s
emotions = too subjective
behaviorism
comeback of emotions
1980s
literature of 1980s
Lazarus “Stress Appraisal Coping”
Frijda “The Emotions”
Cognition and Emotion journal
emotion went from niche to popular
1990s and 2000s
FACTS
Facial Affect Coding System
by Ekman
six universals
consensus about emotions
form a circumplex
unpleasent vs pleasent
high activation vs low activation
emotionl styles
ways in which people experience emotions
qualitatively different
differences in happiness
no gender differences
poverty, but not wealth matters
civil and political right
neuroticism and emotions
more reactive to negatie events
instable moods
more physical symptoms
reduced immune system
biological model of neuroticism
overreactive limbic system
Eysenck
cognitive model of neuroticism
hypervigilant cognitive style
higher brain structures
affect intensity
intensity of emotions
a trait
higher highs mean higher low as well
mood variability research
over long periods of time
extraversion and affect
related to positive affect
maybe explains higher well being
direct model
dichotomy is explained by difference in sensitivity to emotion
indirect model
dichotomy is explained by different lifestyles
