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Personality Psychology > Lecture 6 > Flashcards

Lecture 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

Victorian era

A 
1839-1901
poverty
women opressed
sexuality was dangerous due to e.g. syphilis, no birth control and childbrith death
-> social reporession of sex
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2
Q

efectiveness of psychoanalysis

A

short-term: the same as CBT

long-term: unclear

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3
Q

Freud’s first contribution

A

the talking cure for hysteria

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4
Q

Interpretation of Dreams

A

1900
dreams are not random
reveal unconscious wishes
Freud’s breakthrough

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5
Q

psychoanalytic therapeutic procedures

A 
free association
Freudian slips
dream analysis
hypnosis
transference
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6
Q

standardized techniques

A

projective tests

implicit tests

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7
Q

projective test

A

ambigious stimulus
people have to tell what they see
e.g. TAT

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8
Q

implicit association test

A

presented a statement
reaction time measured
the faster the stronger the association

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9
Q

Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality - phases

A

oral - anal - phallic - latency - genital

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10
Q

Beyond the Pleasure Principle

A

1920
Freud’s personality theory
Ego - Id - Superego

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11
Q

Ego

A

biggest part is unconscious

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12
Q

Superego

A

partly unconscious

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13
Q

Id

A

fully unconscious

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14
Q

Anna Freud

A

1936: Ego defense mechanisms

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15
Q

six defensive maneuvers

A 
repression
denial
displacement
rationalization
projection
sublimation
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16
Q

rationalization

A

suggesting a socially acceptable explanation

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17
Q

projection

A

acusing the other of the very thing you are doing

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18
Q

sublimation

A

sexual or aggressive impulse are channeled into socially acceptable domains
-> most adaptable ego defense

19
Q

Freud wars

A

80s and 90s
studies showed flaws in Freud’s research and clinical practice
psychonanalysis became cult-like

20
Q

common criticisms of Freud

A

not applicable to our time
not in line with biology
too pessimistic, hierachical and reductionist

21
Q

stress stage 1

A

ff response
release of energy
alertness

22
Q

stress stage 2

A

stressor is prolonged
resistance
depletion of resources

23
Q

stress stage 3

A

stress lasts even longer
exhaustion
suseptible to illness and disease

24
Q

acute stress

A

by specific situation

25
Q

traumatic stress

A

in extreme situations
when life in threatened
may lead to PTSD

26
Q

chronic stress

A

never ends

27
Q

interacional model

A

objective stressors -> coping -> bodily arousal -> illness

personality influences coping

28
Q

transactional model

A

same as interactional mode

but personality also influences exposure to stressors

29
Q

health behavior model

A

personality influences coping indirectley

influences health behaviors

30
Q

Karen Horney

A

pioneer of coping strategies
womb envy
feminine psychology

31
Q

Horney’s styles

A

compliant = towards people
aggressive = away from people
healthy people balance between them

32
Q

Lazarus definition of stress

A

subjective

feeling resulting from believing that situation exceeds resources

33
Q

primary appraisal

A

is the situation relevant and threatening

34
Q

secondary appraisal

A

if situation is threatening and relevant

are my resources adequate?

35
Q

four kinds of optimism

A

not blaming for the past
optimism about the future
task-specific optimism = self-efficacy
ignoring risks

36
Q

what does optimism predict?

A

subjetive & objective heath
positive heath beahavior

however, causality is unclear

37
Q

sharing emotions

A

good in Western cultures

bad in Asian cultures

38
Q

venting

A

strong release of emotional expression

fuels anger

39
Q

debrieving procedures

A

after potential PTSD event

often make it worse

40
Q

amygdala and pictures

A

lights up when seeing negative pictures

less activation when describing them

41
Q

diary

A

small effect on well-being

maybe due to increased self-insight

42
Q

corrections to misconceptions on coping and defense mechanisms

A

can both be conscious and unconsious
both equally stable
both healthy or unhealthy

43
Q

goal of coping

A

decrease negative affect
return to baseline arousal
solve problems

44
Q

goal of defense mechanisms

A

emotion and arousal management

not about problem-solving

Personality Psychology (13 decks)

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