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Medicinal Plants > Lecture 8 > Flashcards

Lecture 8 Flashcards

1
Q

German chamomile origin

A

Dried flowers capitulum of Matricaria chamomile family Asteraceae (Daisy)

North Africa and Europe, cultivated in Egypt

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2
Q

Shape chamomile (5)

A

1.Inflorescence: single capitulum
2.Receptacle: conical, hemispherical, hollow
3. florets few ray florets (10-20) and numerous disc florets
4. Involucre : present,2-3 row of green bracts
5. Calyx absent

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3
Q

Active constituents in matricaria

A

Volatile oil (blue color)
Tannins
Anthemic acids (bitter principle )
Flavonoids

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4
Q

Uses of Matricaria (7)

A

Carminative
Bitter stomachic (anthemic acid )
Sedative and calming, anxiolytic , in insomnia
Antispasmodic
Anti-inflammatory (due to flavonoids)
Ulcer protection
Diaphoretic

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5
Q

Pyrethrum origin

A

Dried flower capitulum of chrysanthemum cinerariifolium family Asteraceae

Indigenous to Balkans , cultivated in Kenya , Tanzania, Japan, Ecuador

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6
Q

Pyrethrum 3

A
  1. Inflorescence: single capitulum
  2. Receptacle: nearly flat
    Florets few ray florets in single row and numerous disc florets
  3. Involucre: present 2-3 rows of hairy bracts
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7
Q

Prethrum active constituents and chemical test

A

Prethrins (اي حاجه فيها ester)
Flavonoids

Williamson’s reagent (crimson red color)

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8
Q

Pyrethrum uses

A

Poten insecticide and pesticide with low mammalian toxicity
Anti lice
Scabicide
Ectoparasitcide (in veterinary medicine)

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9
Q

Santonica origin

A

Asterisia cina family Asteraceae

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10
Q

Active constituents and chemical test santonica

A

Volatile oils
Sesquiterpene: respesible for anthelmintic activity
Artemisin
Santonin

Kaselbach test : carmine red color

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11
Q

Santonica uses

A

In gallery

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12
Q

Clove orogin

A

Dried buds of Eugenia aromatica family Myrtaceae

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13
Q

Family Myrtaceae

A

Psidium gaujava
Eugenia aromatica

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14
Q

Crystals of calcium oxalate in the clove called…..

A

Columella

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15
Q

Active constituents and chemical tests for clove

A

Volatile oil
Tannins
Flavonoids
Resins and fixed oil
Clove VO is heavier than water (due to eugenol content)

Sudan III gives orange red color
FeCL3 gives green
KOH

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16
Q

Clove adulteration

A
  1. Clove stalk (have sclereids , prisms of Ca.ox , starch , fiber and less VO)
  2. Mother clove (Anthophilli) : abundant starch less VO
  3. Exhausted clove : shrunken, float on water
17
Q

Uses of clove 5

A

1.Toothache,dentistry (Analgesic and local anesthetic and anti-inflammatory )

  1. Manufacture of vanillin

3.spice, condiment
4. Anti inflammatory
5. Antisepasmodic and carminative

18
Q

Lavender origin

A

Dried flowers of lavendula officinalis family labiatae

Inflorescence: Verticillaster

19
Q

Microscopic key elements of lavender

A

Knotty hair
Candellabra hair
Labiaceous hair
Hexagonal pollen grains
Diacytic stomta

20
Q

Lavender active constituents and chemical test

A

Volatile oils
Tannins

Sudan III
FeCL3

21
Q

Uses of lavender

A

Gallery

22
Q

Uses of lavender

A

Gallery

23
Q

Hibiscus origin

A

Dried calyx and epicalyx of Hibiscus sabdariffa family malvaceae

24
Q

Active constituents and chemical test for hibiscus sabdariffa

A

Anthocyanins
Flavonoids
Organic acids
Mucilage
Vitamin c and minerals

HCl / H2O boil and filter gives Dark red color look at galary

25
Q

Hibiscus sabdariffa family uses 5

A

Mild laxative
Sadative
Antihypertensive in cold
Diuretic
Food coloring

26
Q

Saffron origin

A

Dried stigmas and top of style of crocus sativus family Iridaeceae

Collected in the morning and dried over charcoal

27
Q

Active constituents and chemical test for saffron

A

Cricetin (carotenoid aglycone) color
Safranal (volatile aroma ) odor and taste ( picrocrocin bitter glycosides)

Saffron stain water yellow
Powder+ H2SO4 (deep blue, violet, wine red)

28
Q

Uses of crocus sativus

A

Natural coloring matter
Anti spasmodic
An emmenagogue
Anti-cancer and antioxidant

29
Q

Side effects of crocus sativus

A

Uterine stimulant, abortifacient at high doses

Medicinal Plants (10 decks)

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