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BMS100 MSK Anatomy > Lecture 8 > Flashcards

Lecture 8 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the innervation of all posterior forearm compartment muscles?

A

Radial nerve

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2
Q

What is the origin and insertion of brachioradialis?

A

origin: proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

insertion: lateral surface of distal end of radius proximal to styloid process

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3
Q

Where do majority (not all) posterior forearm compartment muscles originate?

A

common extensor tendon on lateral epicondyle

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4
Q

What is the action of brachioradialis?

A

flexion of forearm (mid-pronation)

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5
Q

What is the innervation of brachioradialis ?

A

radial nerve

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6
Q

What is the origin and insertion of extensor carpi radialis longus?

A

Ori: Distal 1/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Ins: Base of 2nd metacarpal bone

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7
Q

What is one of the only muscles of the superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm that does not go to the common extensor tendon?

A

extensor carpi radialis longus

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8
Q

What is the function of extensor carpi radialis longus?

A

Extension of hand at wrist
Radial deviation (abduction) of wrist
Extension of elbow (weak)

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9
Q

What is the innervation of extensor carpi radialis longus?

A

radial nerve

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10
Q

What is the origin and insertion of extensor carpi radialis brevis?

A

Ori: Lateral epicondyle of humerus (via common extensor tendon)
Ins: Base of 3rd metacarpal bone

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11
Q

What is the function of extensor carpi radialis brevis?

A

Extension of hand at wrist
Radial deviation (abduction) of wrist

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12
Q

What is the innervation of extensor carpi radialis brevis?

A

radial nerve

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13
Q

Who composes the Mobile Was of 3?

A

brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

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14
Q

What is the origin and insertion of extensor digitorum?

A

Ori: Lateral epicondyle of humerus (via common extensor tendon)
Ins: Distal and middle phalanges of fingers #2 – 5
(via its dorsal digital expansion)

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15
Q

What is the function of extensor digitorum?

A

Extension of fingers 2-5 at MCP, PIP, DIP joints
Extension of hand at wrist
Extension of elbow (weak)

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16
Q

What is the innervation of extensor digitorum?

A

radial nerve

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17
Q

What is the origin and insertion of extensor digiti minimi?

A

Ori: Lateral epicondyle of humerus (via common extensor tendon)
Ins: Middle and distal phalanges of little finger (via its dorsal digital expansion)

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18
Q

what is the function of extensor digiti minimi?

A

extension of finger 5 at MCP, PIP, DIP joints
Extension of hand at wrist
Extension of elbow (weak)

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19
Q

What is the innervation of extensor digiti minimi?

A

radial nerve

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20
Q

What is the origin and insertion of extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

Ori:
- Lateral epicondyle of humerus (via common extensor tendon)
- Posterior border of ulna

Ins: Base of 5th metacarpal bone.

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21
Q

What is the function of extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

Extension of hand at wrist
Ulnar deviation (adduction) of wrist
Extension of elbow (weak)

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22
Q

What is the innervation of extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

radial nerve

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23
Q

What is the origin and insertion of aconeus?

A

Ori: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Ins:
- Olecranon process of ulna
- Proximal of posterior surface of ulna

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24
Q

What is the action of aconeus?

A

extension of forearm at elbow (weak)

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25
Q

What is the innervation of anconeus?

A

radial nerve

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26
Q

What is the origin and insertion of supinator?

A

Ori:
- Supinator crest of ulna
- Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Ins: Proximal 1/3 of lateral surface of radius

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27
Q

What is the function of supinator?

A

supination of forearm

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28
Q

What is the innervation of supinator?

A

radial nerve

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29
Q

What is the origin and insertion of abductor pollicis longus?

A

Ori: The middle of posterior surface of radius, ulna, and interosseous membrane

Ins: Base of the 1st metacarpal

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30
Q

What is the function of abductor pollicis longus?

A

Abduction of thumb at carpometacarpal joint
Extension of thumb of carpometacarpal joint
Radial deviation of hand at wrist (weak)

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31
Q

What is the innervation of abductor pollicis longus?

A

radial nerve

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32
Q

What is the origin and insertion of extensor pollicis brevis?

A

Ori: Distal 1/3 of posterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane

Ins: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb

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33
Q

What is the function of extensor pollicis brevis?

A

Extension of thumb at carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joint
Extension of hand at wrist
Radial deviation (abduction) of hand (weak)

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34
Q

What is the innervation of extensor pollicis brevis?

A

radial nerve

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35
Q

What is the origin and insertion of extensor pollicis longus?

A

Ori: Middle 1/3 of posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane

Ins: Base of distal phalanx of thumb

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36
Q

What is the function of extensor pollicis longus?

A

Extension of thumb at carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joint
Extension of hand at wrist
Radial deviation (abduction) of hand (weak)

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37
Q

What is the innervation of extensor pollicis longus?

A

radial nerve

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38
Q

What is the origin and insertion of extensor indicis?

A

Ori: Distal 1/3 of posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane

Ins: Dorsal digital expansion of the 2nd finger

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39
Q

What is the action of extensor indicis?

A

Extension of Digit 2 (index finger) at metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints (proximal and distal)
Extension of hand at wrist

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40
Q

What is the innervation of extensor indicis?

A

radial nerve

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41
Q

What travels inside the snuff box?

A

radial artery
scaphoid & trapezium

42
Q

What is the only muscle that runs on the anterior lateral compartment?

A

brachioradialis

43
Q

How many tendons does the extensor digitorum split into?

A

4

44
Q

What muscle allows you to extend pinky without anything else happening?

A

extensor digiti minimi

45
Q

What is the blend of tendon insertions on the dorsal aspect of the digits called?

A

dorsal digital expansions or extensor hood

46
Q

What muscle helps the triceps?

A

anconeus

47
Q

What muscle helps biceps?

A

supinator

48
Q

What is supinator syndrome?

A

Compression in any one who overworks supinator –> can clamp down on this nerve and lead to issues

49
Q

What muscle allows for extra movement at the index finger?

A

extensor indicis

50
Q

What muscles make up the lateral border of the snuff box?

A

abductor pollicis longus & extensor pollicis brevis

51
Q

What muscle makes up the medial border of the snuff box?

A

extensor pollicis longus

52
Q

What is another name for golf elbow?

A

medial epicondylitis

53
Q

What muscles are affected in medial epicondylitis?

A

all muscles that originate at common flexor tendon

54
Q

What is another name for tennis elbow?

A

lateral epicondylitis

55
Q

What muscles are affected in lateral epicondylitis?

A

all muscles that originate on common extensor tendon

56
Q

Where is weakness occur in both tennis and golf elbow?

A

hand

57
Q

What muscles are affected in radial nerve injury?

A

deltoid, teres minor, distal triceps, anconeus, superficial and deep layers of forearm muscles

58
Q

What movements are affected in radial nerve injury?

A

weakness in abduction and external rotation of shoulder
loss of extension: elbow, wrist, fingers
weakness in supination

59
Q

What sensory deficits may be present in radial nerve injury?

A

Loss of sensation to lateral aspect of shoulder, posterior forearm and lateral 3.5 digits (dorsal surface) –> motor and sensory loss

60
Q

What long term deficits might occur in radial nerve injury?

A

wrist drop deformity

61
Q

What is radial nerve injury?

A

damage to posterior cord of brachial plexus

62
Q

What are the 3 parts of the hand?

A

wrist, metacarpus, fingers

62
Q

What are the movements of the thumb defined at?

A

right angles (90 degrees)

63
Q

What is the carpal arch formed by?

A

carpal bones

64
Q

What tendons pass through the carpal tunnel?

A

9: flexor digititorum profundus, flexor digititorum superficialias, flexor pollicis longus
Median nerve

65
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of the hand divided into?

A

thenar
hypothenar
central

66
Q

What does intrinsic muscles mean?

A

both origin and region are coming from same region

67
Q

What are the thenar muscles?

A

abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis

68
Q

What are the thenar muscles innervated by?

A

median nerve

69
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis also recieves a branch from what nerve?

A

ulnar

70
Q

What are the hypothenar muscles?

A

abductor digiti minimi
flexor digiti minimi brevis
opponens digiti minimi
palmaris brevis

71
Q

what is the innervation of the hypothenar muscles?

A

ulnar nerve

72
Q

What are the central muscles of the hand?

A

lumbricals (4)
dorsal interosseous (4)
palmar interosseous (3)
adductor pollicis

73
Q

What is the innervation of the central muscles?

A

ulnar nerve: dorsal interosseous, palmar interosseous, adductor pollicis

median and ulnar: lumbricals

74
Q

What is the origin and insertion of abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Ori:
- Flexor retinaculum
- Tubercle of scaphoid
- Tubercle of trapezium

Ins: Lateral side of the base of proximal phalanx of thumb

75
Q

What is the action of the abductor pollicis brevis?

A

abduction of thumb

76
Q

What does the Palmar aponeurosis protect?

A

soft tissue, nerves, and blood vessels on palmar side of hand

77
Q

What is the origin and insertion of flexor pollicis brevis?

A

Ori:
- Flexor retinaculum
- Trapezium

Ins: Lateral side of the base of proximal phalanx of thumb.

78
Q

What is the function of the flexor pollicis brevis?

A

flexion of thumb

79
Q

What is the origin and insertion of opponens pollicis?

A

Ori:
- Flexor retinaculum
- Trapezium

Ins: 1st metacarpal

80
Q

What is the function of opponens pollicis?

A

opposition of thumb

81
Q

What is the origin and insertion of palmaris brevis?

A

Ori: palmar aponeurosis.

Ins: skin of the medial side of the hand.

82
Q

What is the function of the palmaris brevis?

A

wrinkles skin to improve grip

83
Q

What is the origin and insertion of abductor digiti minimi?

A

Ori: Pisiform

Ins: Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of little finger

84
Q

What is the function of the abductor digiti minimi?

A

abductor of little finger

85
Q

What is the origin and insertion of flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

Ori:
- Flexor retinaculum
- Hook of hamate

Ins: Medial side of the base of proximal phalanx of 5th finger

86
Q

What is the function of flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

flexion of little finger

87
Q

What is the origin and insertion of opponens digiti minimi?

A

Ori:
- Flexor retinaculum
- Hook of hamate

Ins: 5th metacarpal bone

88
Q

What is the function of opponens digiti minimi?

A

opposition of little finger

89
Q

What is the origin and insertion of adductor pollicis?

A

Ori:
Oblique head:
- Base of 2nd & 3rd metacarpal bones
- Capitate

Transverse head:
- Ant. surface of 3rd metacarpal bone

Ins: Both heads: medial side of the base of proximal phalanx of thumb

90
Q

What is the function of the adductor pollicis?

A

adduction of thumb

91
Q

What muscle tendon contains the sesamoid bone?

A

adductor pollicis

92
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the lumbrical muscles?

A

Ori: Tendon of the Flexor Digitorum Profundus (FDP) of each finger

Ins: Dorsal digital expansion of four medial fingers
- Lumbrical #1: into the dorsal digital expansion of the index finger (finger #2)
- Lumbrical #2: into the dorsal digital expansion of the middle finger (finger #3)
- Lumbrical #3: into the dorsal digital expansion of the ring finger (finger #4)
- Lumbrical #4: into the dorsal digital expansion of the little finger (finger #5)

93
Q

What is the function of the lumbrical muscles?

A

Flexion of fingers 2-5 @ MCP joints
Extension of fingers 2-5 @ PIP and DIP joints

94
Q

How many tendon does the lumbrical muscles consist of?

A

4

95
Q

Most of the bulk of the 1st web is made by which muscle?

A

adductor pollicis

96
Q

What is the innervation of the lumbrical muscles?

A

median (1&2) and ulna (3&4)

97
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the dorsal interosseous muscles?

A

Ori: Adjacent sides of metacarpals.

Ins: Base of proximal phalanges and dorsal digital expansion of fingers (#2, #3,and #4)
- Dorsal interosseous #1 to the lateral side of the index finger
- Dorsal interosseous # 2 to the lateral side of the middle finger
- Dorsal interosseous # 3 to the medial side of the middle finger
- Dorsal interosseous # 4 to the medial side of the ring finger

98
Q

What is the function of the dorsal interosseous muscles?

A

Abduction of fingers 2-4 @MCP joints
Flexion of fingers 2-3 @ MCP joints
Extension of fingers 2-3 @ PIP & DIP joints

99
Q

What is the origin and insertion of palmar interosseous muscles?

A

Ori: Anterior side of metacarpal of fingers #2, 4, and 5
Palmar interosseous #1: metacarpal #2
Palmar interosseous #2: metacarpal #4
Palmar interosseous #3: metacarpal #5

Ins: Base of proximal phalanges and dorsal digital expansion of fingers (#2, 4,and 5)
Palmar interosseous # 1 to the index finger (finger #2)
Palmar interosseous # 2 to the lateral ring finger (finger #4)
Palmar interosseous # 3 to the little finger (finger #5)

100
Q

What is the function of the palmar interosseous muscles?

A

Adduction of fingers 2, 4, 5 @ MCP joints
Flexion of fingers 2, 4, 5 @ MCP joints
Extension of finger 2, 4, 5 @ DIP, PIP joints

101
Q
A

BMS100 MSK Anatomy (9 decks)

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