Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BMS101 > Lecture 8 > Flashcards

Lecture 8 Flashcards

1
Q

What is an articulation or joint

A

It is the place where a bone meets
another bone, cartilage, or teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe articulations

A

Articulations vary in stability and mobility, and are classified
into categories based on these qualities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 3 different classifications by structure

A

Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 3 different classifications by function

A

Synarthrosis
Amphiarthrosis
Diarthrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Definition of fibrous joint

A

Bones held together by dense regular connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Definition of cartilaginous joint

A

Bones joined by cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Definition of synovial joint

A

Bones separated by fluid-filled cavity

Freely mobile diarthrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe synarthrosis joint

A

Immobile joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe amphiarthrosis joint

A

Slightly mobile joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe diarthrosis joint

A

Freely moveable joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 3 specific types of fibrous joint

A

Gomphoses
Sutures
Syndesmoses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe gomphoses joint(teeth)

A

Joints between teeth, maxilla and mandible; synarthrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe sutures joint

A

Joints between skull bones; synarthrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe syndesmoses joint

A

Joints between parallel bones in the forearm and leg; amphiarthroses;

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the 2 specific types of cartilaginous joint

A

Synchondroses

Symphyses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe Synchondrosis joint

A

Bones joined by
hyaline cartilage ; synarthrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Describe Symphysis joint

A

Bones joined by pad
of fibrocartilage; amphiarthrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the general anatomy of synovial joints

A

. Articular capsule
• Joint cavity
• Synovial fluid
• Articular cartilage
• Ligaments
• Nerves and blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the 2 layers of the articular capsule

A

Outer fibrous layer

Inner synovial membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Describe outer fibrous layer

A

made of dense
regular connective tissue; that strengths joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Describe inner synovial membrane

A

Secretes synovial fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Describe articular cartilage

A

Articular surfaces in synovial joints that are
covered by hyaline cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Function of articular cartilage

A

Reduces friction and acts as shock
absorber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Describe joint cavity

A

. Space between articulating bones

• Contains small amount of synovial fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Function of joint cavity

A
  • Lubricates and nourishes articular cartilages
  • Nourishes chondrocytes of articular cartilage

• Absorbs shock during compression of the
joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Describe ligaments

A

: Connect bone to
bone; dense regular connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Function of ligaments

A

Strengthen and reinforce capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Function of sensory nerves

A

Detect pain
and amount of stretch in a joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Function of blood vessels

A

Nourish tissues in the joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Describe bursae/function

A

Sacs outside most synovial joints, contain synovial fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Describe tendon sheaths/function

A 
\:Elongated bursae around tendons, particularly in 
confined areas (wrist and ankle) where tendons rub each other
32
Q

Describe fat pads/function

A

Packing material; also provide some protection

33
Q

Function of accessory structures that surround the joint

A 
function in reducing 
friction and filling spaces
34
Q

What are the 3 different types of synovial joints

A

Uniaxial
Biaxial
Multiaxial

35
Q

Describe uniaxial

A

Joint moves in one plane or axis

36
Q

Describe biaxial

A

Joint moves in two planes or axes

37
Q

Describe multiaxial

A

Joint moves in three planes or axes

38
Q

What are the 6 different classes of synovial joint

A

. Plane joints
• Hinge joints
• Pivot joints
• Condylar joints
• Saddle joints
• Ball-and-socket joints

39
Q

What are the 4 types of motion of synovial joints

A
  • Gliding motion
  • Angular motion
  • Rotational motion
  • Special movements
40
Q

Describe gliding motion

A

Articular surfaces sliding back-and-forth or side-to-side

  • Angle between bones does not change
  • Occurs mainly in plane joints
41
Q

Example of gliding motion from a synovial joint

A

Carpals

42
Q

Describe angular motion

A

Increases or decreases the angle between bones

43
Q

Name the movements of angular motion

A

• Flexion
• Extension
• Hyperextension
• Lateral flexion
• Abduction
• Adduction
• Circumduction (combination of flexion, extension, abduction AND
adduction)

44
Q

Describe flexion

A

the angle between articulating bones decreases

45
Q

Describe extension

A

the angle between articulating bones increases

46
Q

Describe hypertension

A

Extension movement continues past the anatomic position

47
Q

Describe lateral flexion

A

the vertebral column moves in a lateral direction along a coronal plane

48
Q

Describe abduction

A

movement of a bone away from the midline

49
Q

Describe adduction

A

movement of a bone toward the midline

50
Q

Describe circumduction

A

a continuous movement that combines flexion, abduction, extension and adduction in a circular motion

51
Q

Describe rotational motion

A

A bone turns on its longitudinal axis

52
Q

Examples of roation motion

A

liming turning to and from medial plane

53
Q

What are the movements of rotational motion

A

Lateral rotation
Medial rotation
Pronation
Supination

54
Q

Describe pronation

A

Rotation of the forearm where the palm is turned posteriorly

55
Q

Describe supination

A

Rotation of the forearm in which the palm is turned anteriorly

56
Q

Describe special movements

A

Occur only at specific joints

57
Q

What are the movements of the special movements

A

Depression
Elevation
Dorsiflexion
Plantar flexion
Inversion
Eversion
Protraction
Retraction
Opposition

58
Q

Describe depression

A

Movement of a body part inferiorly

59
Q

Describe elevation

A

Movement of a body part superiorly

60
Q

Describe dorsiflexion

A

Ankle joint movement where the dorsum(superior) of the foot is brought closer to the anterior surface of the leg

61
Q

Describe plantar flexion

A

Ankle joint movement whereby the sole of the foot is brought toward the posterior surface of the leg

62
Q

Describe protraction

A

Anterior movement of a body part from anatomic position

63
Q

Describe retraction

A

Posterior movement of a body part from anatomic position

64
Q

Describe opposition

A

Special movement of the thumb across the palm toward the fingers to permit grasping and holding of an object

65
Q

Describe inversion

A

twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole medially or inward

66
Q

Describe eversion

A

twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole laterally or outward

67
Q

Further description of gomphosis joint

A

Cone-shaped pegs that insert into a socket like process

68
Q

Further description of suture joint

A

Have distinct interlocking edges

69
Q

Further description of Syndesmosis joint

A

Large surface of bones that are anchored together by an interosseous membrane

70
Q
A
71
Q
A
72
Q
A
73
Q
A
74
Q
A
75
Q
A

BMS101 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions