Lecture 7 - Circulation brain

Question 1

Arteries of the brain

Answer 1

Vertebral aa.
Internal carotid aa.
Middle meningeal aa.

Question 2

Internal carotid artery enters the skull via ____

Answer 2

The carotid canal

Question 3

Passes ____ and ____ through the cavernous sinus of the sphenoid body

Answer 3

anteriorly, medially

Question 4

Internal carotid aa is a division from what

Answer 4

Common carotid artery

Question 5

Terminal branches of the ICA

Answer 5

Anterior cerebral a.

Middle cerebral a.

Question 6

Pass through the transverse foramina of the first 6 cervical vertebrae

Answer 6

Vertebral arteries

Question 7

VA perforate the ____ and ____ to pass through the _____ _____

Answer 7

dura, arachnoid, foramen magnum

Question 8

VA unite anterior to pons to form what?

Answer 8

Basilar artery

Question 9

Another word for posterior circulation of the brain

Answer 9

Vertebrobasilar arterial system

Question 10

Basilar artery (3 things)

Answer 10

Lies close to the base of the skull
Divides into 2 posterior cerebral arteries
These join the ICA via the posterior communicating arteries

Question 11

Name the cerebral arteries

Answer 11

Anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arteries

Question 12

Ant. cerebral arteries supply?

Answer 12

Most of the medial and superior surfaces of the brain and frontal pole

Question 13

Middle cerebral arteries supply?

Answer 13

Lateral surface of the brain and temporal pole

Question 14

Post. cerebral arteries supply?

Answer 14

Inferior surface of the brain and occipital pole

Question 15

Other name for cerebral arterial cycle

Answer 15

Circle of Willis

Question 16

The circle of Willis is formed by: (5)

Answer 16

Posterior cerebral arteries
Posterior communicating arteries
Internal carotid arteries
Anterior cerebral arteries
Anterior communicating arteries

Question 17

Principle vessel receiving blood from these venous sinuses

Answer 17

Internal jugular vein

Question 18

If the jugular is occluded, who offers collateral circulation?

Answer 18

Angular vein, pterygoid plexus and suboccipital veins

Question 19

Difference between veins and sinus

Answer 19

Veins = ability to change diameter
Sinus = fixed diameter (no muscle layer)

Question 20

Sinus that lies in the superior border of the falx cerebri

Answer 20

Superior sagittal sinus

Question 21

Superior sagittal sinus originates at the crista galli and ends near the internal occipital protuberance at the junction of ?? (4)

Answer 21

Superior sagittal sinus, straight sinus, occipital sinus, and transverse sinus

Question 22

Name of the junction of the four sinuses

Answer 22

Confluence of sinuses

Question 23

Much smaller than the superior sagittal sinus

Runs in the inferior border of the falx cerebri and terminates in the straight sinus

Answer 23

Inferior sagittal sinus

Question 24

Straight sinus is formed by the joining of ____ and ____

Answer 24

Inferior sagittal sinus and great cerebral vein

Question 25

Runs infero-posteriorly along the line of attachment of the falx cerebri and the tentorium cerebelli Will join the confluence of sinuses

Answer 25

Straight sinus

Question 26

Usually the ____ transverse sinus is larger

Answer 26

RIGHT

Question 27

Leaves the confluence of sinuses laterally along the occipital bones and the posteroinferior angles of the parietal bones Will become the sigmoid sinus as they approach the petrous portion of the temporal bones

Answer 27

Transverse sinus

Question 28

Sigmoid sinus (2 things)

Answer 28

Follows an S-shaped course in the posterior cranial fossa | Forms deep grooves in the temporal and occipital bones

Question 29

The sigmoid sinus continues inferiorly to the ____ ____ to become the internal jugular vein

Answer 29

Jugular foramen

Question 30

Lies in the attached border of the flax cerebelli ending superiorly in the confluence of sinuses Communicates with the internal vertebral venous plexus

Answer 30

Occipital sinus

Question 31

Location of the cavernous sinus

Answer 31

Middle cranial fossa | Bilaterally on each side of the sella turcica

Question 32

Extends from the superior orbital fissure anteriorly to the apex of the petrous portion of the temporal bone posteriorly

Answer 32

Cavernous sinus

Question 33

The cavernous sinus receives blood from? (4)

Answer 33

superior ophthalmic vein inferior ophthalmic vein middle cerebral vein sphenoparietal sinus

Question 34

Content of cavernous sinus

Answer 34

Internal carotid artery Carotid plexus of sympathetic nerves Abducens nerve (CVI)

Question 35

Ensheathed in lateral wall of cavernous sinus

Answer 35

Occulomotor nv. (III) Trochlear nv. (CIV) Trigeminal nv. (CV1 and sometimes CV2)

Question 36

Runs from the posterior ends of the veins of the cavernous sinus to the transverse sinus to then curve to the sigmoid sinus Lies in the anterolateral portion of the tentorium cerebelli Attaches to the petrous portion of the temporal bone

Answer 36

Superior petrosal sinus

Question 37

Also begins at the posterior ends of the veins of the cavernous sinus inferiorly Runs between the petrous portion of the temporal bones and the basilar portion of the occipital bone

Answer 37

Inferior petrosal sinus

Question 38

Drains the lateral cavernous sinus directly into the origin of the IJV

Answer 38

Inferior petrosal sinus

Question 39

Basilar plexus

Answer 39

Connects inferior petrosal sinus to internal vertebral venous network

Question 40

Emissary veins

Answer 40

Connects dural venous sinuses with veins outside the cranium

Question 41

Arachnoid granulation

Answer 41

Collection of arachnoid villi Prolongation of arachnoid that protrude through the meningeal layer of the dura into the dural venous sinuses Will affect the transfer of CSF to the venous system

Question 42

location of arachnoid granulation

Answer 42

Usually found in areas of the superior sagittal sinus and transverse sinus

Question 43

Structurally adapted to transport CSF from the subarachnoid space to the venous system

Answer 43

Arachnoid granulation

Question 44

Review the p.44 of ppt

Answer 44

Summary of the formation, circulation and absorption of CSF